عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ يَقَولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ العَجْزِ وَالكَسَلِ، وَالْبُخْلِ وَالْهَرَمِ، وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، اللَّهُمَّ آتِ نَفْسِي تَقْوَاهَا، وَزَكِّهَا أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا، أَنْتَ وَلِيُّهَا وَموْلاهَا، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عِلمٍ لا يَنْفَعُ، ومِنْ قَلْبٍ لا يَخْشَعُ، وَمِنْ نَفْسٍ لا تَشبَعُ، وَمِنْ دَعْوةٍ لا يُسْتَجَابُ لَهَا» رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Zayd ibn Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say: "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from incapacity and laziness, from miserliness and decrepitude, and from the punishment of the grave. O Allah, grant my soul its piety and purify it, for You are the best of those who purify it; You are its Guardian and its Master. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from knowledge that does not benefit, from a heart that is not humble, from a soul that is never satisfied, and from a supplication that is not answered." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
آت نفسي تقواها: أي أعطها القوة لامتثال أوامرك، والابتعاد عن متابعة الهوى وارتكاب الفجور. زكها: طهرها من الرذائل. أنت وليها: ناصرها. مولاها: مالكها وسيدها. من علم لا ينفع: أي علم لا نفع فيه، وقيل: هو الذي لا يعمل به. لا يخشع: لا يخضع لجلال اللّه تعالى، وهو القلب القاسي. لا تشبع: أي للحرص الباعث لها على ذلك، ومعناه النهم وعدم الشبع.
"Grant my soul its piety": that is, give it the strength to obey Your commands and to keep away from following desire and committing wickedness. "Purify it": cleanse it of vices. "You are its Guardian": its helper. "Its Master": its owner and lord. "Knowledge that does not benefit": that is, knowledge in which there is no benefit; and it is said: it is that which is not acted upon. "That is not humble": that does not submit before the majesty of Allah the Exalted — the hardened heart. "That is never satisfied": that is, on account of the greed that drives it to that; its meaning is insatiable craving and never being content.
الدروس · lessons
استحباب الاستعاذة من هذه الأمور المذكورة في الحديث. الحثّ على التقوى ونشر العلم والعمل به. على المؤمن أن يلتزم التقوى وينهض بالطاعة وأداء الواجب ويجعل من نفسه ما تصفو بالخير، ويعتمد على اللّه تعالى في نصره وتوفيقه في العمل. يجب طلب العلم النافع لدينه ودنياه، وأن يهجر ما لا فائدة فيه وأن يرضى بالقناعة.
The recommendation of seeking refuge from these matters mentioned in the hadith. Urging piety, the spreading of knowledge, and acting upon it. The believer must adhere to piety, rise to obedience and the fulfillment of duty, make of his soul one that is purified by good, and rely on Allah the Exalted for His help and for success in his deeds. One must seek knowledge beneficial to his religion and his worldly life, forsake what has no benefit in it, and be content with contentment.