عن أَنسٍ رضي اللّه عنه قال: جاءَ ثَلاثة رهطٍ إِلى بُيُوتِ أَزْواجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم يسأَلُونَ عن عِبادة النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، فَلَمَّا أُخبِروا كأَنَّهُم تَقَالُّوها وقالُوا: أَين نَحْنُ مِن النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قَد غُفِر لَهُ ما تَقَدَّم مِن ذَنْبِهِ وما تَأَخَّرَ. قالَ أَحَدُهُمْ: أَمَّا أَنَا فأُصلِّي الليل أَبدًا، وقال الآخَرُ: وَأَنا أَصُومُ الدَّهْرَ ولا أُفْطِر ، وقالَ الآخرُ: وأَنا أعْتَزِلُ النِّساءَ فلا أَتَزوَّج أَبدًا، فَجاءَ رسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم إلَيْهم فقال: «أَنْتُمُ الَّذِينَ قُلْتُمْ كذا وكذَا؟! أَمَا واللّهِ إِنِّي لأَخْشَاكُم للّهِ وَأَتْقَاكُم له لكِنِّي أَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ، وَأُصلِّي وَأَرْقُد، وَأَتَزَوّجُ النِّسَاءَ، فمَن رغِب عن سُنَّتِي فَلَيسَ مِنِّي» متفقٌ عليه.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Three men came to the houses of the wives of the Prophet (peace be upon him) asking about his worship. When they were informed about it, they seemed to consider it insufficient and said: "How can we compare ourselves to the Prophet (peace be upon him), when Allah has forgiven all his past and future sins?" One of them said: "As for me, I shall pray throughout the entire night forever." Another said: "I shall fast every day without breaking my fast." And the third said: "I shall stay away from women and never marry." The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came to them and said: "Are you the ones who said such and such? By Allah, I am the most fearful of Allah among you and the most conscious of Him, yet I fast and break my fast, I pray and I sleep, and I marry women. Whoever turns away from my sunnah is not of me." Agreed upon (narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
ثلاثة رهط: أي ثلاثة رجال، والرهط في اللغة من ثلاثة إلى عشرة. تقالّوها: أي عدّوها قليلة. أُصَلِّي اللّيل أبدًا: أي أُحيِيه بالصلاة ولا أنام شيئًا منه. أصوم الدهر: أي أصوم جميع الأيّام ما عدا يومي العيد وأيام التشريق، لحرمة صومها. أرقد: أي أنام أداء لحقّ نفسي. فمن رغب: أي فمن أعرض وترك. سنّتي: طريقتي، والمراد هدي النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم وما جاء به. فليس منّي: أي ليس ممّن اهتدى بِهَديي، ولم يَسِرْ على نَهجي، ولا ممّن اقتدى بي.
"Three men" (raht) — a raht in Arabic refers to a group of three to ten men. "Considered it insufficient" (taqalluha) means they regarded it as too little. "I shall pray throughout the entire night forever" means he would spend the entire night in prayer and not sleep at all. "I shall fast every day" means he would fast all days except the two Eid days and the days of Tashriq, as fasting on those days is prohibited. "I sleep" (arqud) means I sleep, giving my body its due right. "Whoever turns away" means whoever abandons and forsakes. "My sunnah" means my way and path — referring to the guidance of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and what he brought. "Is not of me" means he is not among those who follow my guidance, nor does he walk upon my path, nor is he among those who take me as their example.
الدروس · lessons
دلالة قاطعة على حجّية السنّة النبويّة، فلو لم تكن حجّة، لَما شدَّد النَّبيُّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم في نكيره على هؤلاء الرهط. فضل أصحاب النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم، وحرصهم على الازدياد من العبادات والطاعات. الترغيب في النكاح. كراهية صيام الدهر وقيام ليله كلّه. وجوب التأسي برسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم والاقتداء به في التوسط والاعتدال وحقيقة التقرب إلى اللّه تعالى. ليس من البرّ الابتداع في الدين بما لم يَرِدْ فيه نص من كتاب أو سنّة.
A decisive proof of the authority of the Prophetic sunnah — for if it were not authoritative, the Prophet (peace be upon him) would not have been so stern in his reproach of these men. The merit of the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and their eagerness to increase in worship and acts of obedience. Encouragement of marriage. It is disliked to fast every day and to pray all night without sleeping. The obligation to follow the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and take him as a model of moderation and balance, which is the true way of drawing near to Allah, the Most High. It is not from righteousness to innovate in the religion what has no basis in the Quran or sunnah.