عن أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ وَهبِ بنِ عبد اللّه رضي اللّهُ عنه قال: آخَى النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم بَيْن سَلْمَانَ وأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ، فَزَارَ سلْمَانُ أَبَا الدَّرْدَاءِ، فَرَأَى أُمَّ الدَّرْدَاء مُتَبَذِّلَةً فقالَ: ما شَأْنُكِ؟ قالَتْ: أَخْوكَ أَبُو الدَّرداءِ ليْسَ له حَاجةٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا. فَجَاءَ أَبُو الدرْدَاءِ فَصَنَعَ لَه طَعَامًا، فقالَ لَهُ: كُلْ فَإِنِّي صَائِمٌ، قالَ: ما أَنا بآكلٍ حَتَّى تأْكلَ، فَأَكَلَ، فلمَّا كانَ اللَّيْلُ ذَهَبَ أَبُو الدَّرْداءِ يقُوم فقال لَه: نَمْ فَنَام، ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ يَقُوم فقالَ لَه: نَمْ، فَلَمَّا كان من آخرِ اللَّيْلِ قالَ سلْمانُ: قُم الآنَ، فَصَلَّيَا جَمِيعًا، فقالَ له سَلْمَانُ: إِنَّ لرَبِّكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا، وَإِنَّ لنَفْسِكَ عَلَيْكَ حقًّا، ولأهلِك عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا، فَأَعْطِ كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّه، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فَذَكر ذلكَ لَه، فقالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «صَدَقَ سلْمَان» رواه البخاري.
Abu Juhayfah Wahb ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace be upon him) established a bond of brotherhood between Salman and Abu al-Darda'. Salman visited Abu al-Darda' and found Umm al-Darda' dressed in shabby clothes. He asked her: "What is the matter with you?" She said: "Your brother Abu al-Darda' has no interest in the pleasures of this world." Then Abu al-Darda' came and prepared food for him. Salman said to him: "Eat." Abu al-Darda' said: "I am fasting." Salman said: "I will not eat until you eat." So he ate. When night came, Abu al-Darda' got up to pray, but Salman told him: "Sleep," so he slept. Then he got up again, and Salman told him: "Sleep." When the last part of the night came, Salman said: "Now get up," and they both prayed together. Then Salman said to him: "Your Lord has a right over you, your soul has a right over you, and your family has a right over you. So give everyone who has a right his due." Abu al-Darda' then went to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and mentioned this to him. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Salman has spoken the truth." Narrated by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
مُتَبذِّلة: لابسةً ثيابَ البذلةِ وهي المِهنة، والمراد غير مُعتَنية بمظهرها، وتاركةً لُبسَ ثياب الزينة. ما شأنك: أي لماذا أنت على هذه الحالة؟ ليس له حاجة في الدنيا: أي لا يهتم بمتاع الدنيا وملذّاتها. فلمّا كان آخر اللّيل: أي لمّا حَان وقت السَّحَر. لأهلك: لزوجك وأولادك.
"Dressed in shabby clothes" (mutabadhdhi-lah) means she was wearing work clothes — meaning she was not taking care of her appearance and had abandoned wearing fine garments. "What is the matter with you?" means why are you in this state? "Has no interest in the pleasures of this world" means he does not care about worldly comforts and pleasures. "When the last part of the night came" means when the pre-dawn hours arrived. "Your family" refers to your wife and children.
الدروس · lessons
مشروعية الأخوة في اللّه، وتزاور الإخوان بينهم. مشروعية النصح للمسلمين وتنبيه من غفل منهم. فضل صلاة آخر الليل، وأنّ وقت السحر هو وقت أفضلية القيام. ثبوت حقّ المرأة على الزوج في حسن المعاشرة. جواز الفطر من صوم التطوُّع. جواز النهي عن المستحبّات إذا ترتب عليها إضاعة الحقوق المطلوبة.
The legitimacy of brotherhood for the sake of Allah, and the practice of brothers visiting one another. The legitimacy of giving sincere advice to fellow Muslims and alerting those who are heedless. The merit of praying in the last part of the night, and that the pre-dawn hours are the most virtuous time for the night prayer. The affirmation of the wife's right over her husband to good companionship. The permissibility of breaking a voluntary fast. The permissibility of discouraging recommended acts when they lead to the neglect of obligatory rights.