عن أَبِي رِبْعِيٍّ حنْظَلةَ بنِ الرَّبيع الأُسَيِّدِيِّ الْكَاتِب أَحد كُتَّابِ رسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال: لَقِيَنِي أَبُو بَكْر رضي اللّه عنه فقال: كَيْفَ أَنْتَ يا حنْظلَةُ؟ قُلْتُ: نَافَقَ حنْظَلَةُ! قَالَ: سُبْحانَ اللّه ما تقُولُ؟! قُلْتُ: نَكُونُ عِنْد رسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم يُذكِّرُنَا بالْجنَّةِ والنَّارِ كأَنَّا رأْيَ عين، فَإِذَا خَرجنَا مِنْ عِنْدِ رسولِ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم عافَسنَا الأَزْوَاجَ وَالأَوْلادَ وَالضَّيْعاتِ نَسينَا كَثِيرًا. قال أَبُو بكْر رضي اللّه عنه: فَواللّهِ إِنَّا لنَلْقَى مِثْلَ هَذَا، فانْطلقْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْر حتى دخَلْنَا عَلى رسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فقُلْت: نافَقَ حنْظَلةُ يا رسول اللّه! فقالَ رسولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «ومَا ذَاكَ؟» قُلْتُ: يا رسولَ اللّه نُكونُ عِنْدكَ تُذَكِّرُنَا بالنَّارِ والْجنَّةِ كَأَنَّا رأْيَ العَيْنِ، فَإِذَا خَرَجْنَا مِنْ عِنْدِكَ عَافَسنَا الأَزوَاج والأوْلاَدَ والضَّيْعاتِ نَسِينَا كَثِيرًا. فقال رسولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيدِهِ لَوْ تَدُومُونَ عَلَى مَا تَكُونُونَ عِنْدِي وَفِي الذِّكْر لصَافَحتْكُمُ الملائِكَةُ عَلَى فُرُشِكُم وفي طُرُقِكُم، وَلَكِنْ يا حنْظَلَةُ ساعةً وساعةً» ثَلاثَ مرَّاتٍ. رواه مسلم.
Abu Rib'i Hanzalah ibn al-Rabi' al-Usayyidi, the scribe — one of the scribes of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) — reported: Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) met me and asked: "How are you, O Hanzalah?" I said: "Hanzalah has become a hypocrite!" He said: "Glory be to Allah! What are you saying?!" I said: "When we are in the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and he reminds us of Paradise and the Fire, it is as if we can see them with our own eyes. But when we leave the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and attend to our wives, children, and properties, we forget much of it." Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah, we experience the same thing." So Hanzalah and Abu Bakr went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). I said: "Hanzalah has become a hypocrite, O Messenger of Allah!" The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) asked: "How so?" I said: "O Messenger of Allah, when we are with you and you remind us of the Fire and Paradise, it is as if we can see them with our own eyes. But when we leave you and attend to our wives, children, and properties, we forget much of it." The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "By Him in whose Hand is my soul, if you were to remain in the same state as you are in my company, and in constant remembrance, the angels would shake hands with you in your beds and on your roads. But, O Hanzalah, a time for this and a time for that" — he said it three times. Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
نافق حنظلة: أي أنه يتَّهم نفسه بالنفاق لِما كان يحصل له، أي خاف على نفسه النفاق. أصل النفاق: إظهار الإنسان خلاف ما في نفسه. الضَّيعات: جمع ضيعة، وهو ما يكتسب منه الإنسان من بستان أو حرفة أو مال أو صناعة. لكن يا حنظلة ساعة: لأداء العبودية. وساعة: للقيام بما يحتاج إليه الإنسان.
"Hanzalah has become a hypocrite" means he accused himself of hypocrisy because of what he was experiencing — he feared hypocrisy for himself. The essence of hypocrisy (nifaq) is for a person to outwardly display the opposite of what is in his heart. "Properties" (al-day'at), plural of day'ah, refers to one's sources of livelihood — whether a garden, trade, wealth, or craft. "But O Hanzalah, a time for this" — a time for worship. "And a time for that" — a time for attending to what a person needs.
الدروس · lessons
ينبغي للإنسان أن يخاف على نفسه النفاق، وأن يتحرّز، وأن يتجنّب كل الأوصاف التي توقعه في جملة المنافقين. ينبغي للمسلم أن يكون حريصًا على مجالس الذِّكر؛ فإنّها روضة من رياض الجنّة، يحصل فيها الخير والأجر، ويقوم منها وقد غُفر له ذنبه، وأجيبت دعوته، تحفُّه الملائكة، وتغشاه الرحمة، ويَذْكره اللّه فيمن عنده. الدوام على الذكر والمراقبة وعدم الفتور عن ذلك من خواصّ الملائكة. الإسلام دين الفطرة والتوسط والاعتدال، يجمع بين مصالح الدنيا والآخرة، ويجمع بين مطالب الروح والجسد.
A person should fear hypocrisy for himself, be vigilant against it, and avoid every characteristic that would place him among the hypocrites. A Muslim should be eager to attend gatherings of remembrance, for they are gardens of Paradise, where goodness and reward are obtained, where one leaves with his sins forgiven and his supplications answered, surrounded by angels, enveloped by mercy, and remembered by Allah among those near Him. Being constantly in a state of remembrance and vigilance without any lapse is a quality unique to the angels. Islam is the religion of natural disposition, moderation, and balance — it combines the interests of this world and the Hereafter, and it meets the needs of both the spirit and the body.