عن ابن عُمرَ رضي اللّه عنهما قال: كُنَّا نَتحدَّثُ عَنْ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ، وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم بَيْن أَظْهُرِنَا، وَلَا نَدْرِي مَا حَجَّةُ الْوداع، حَتَّى حمِدَ اللّه رسولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، وَأَثْنَى عَليْهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَر الْمسِيحَ الدَّجَّالَ فَأَطْنَبَ في ذِكْرِهِ، وَقَالَ: «ما بَعَثَ اللّهُ مِنْ نَبيٍّ إلَّا أَنْذَرَهُ أُمَّتَهُ: أَنْذَرَهُ نوحٌ وَالنَّبِيُّون مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، وَإنَّهُ إنْ يَخْرُجْ فِيكُمْ فَما خَفِيَ عَليْكُمْ مِنْ شَأْنِهِ فَلَيْسَ يَخْفَى عَلَيْكُمْ، إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ لَيس بأَعْورَ، وَإِنَّهُ أَعورُ عَيْنِ الْيُمْنَى، كَأَنَّ عيْنَهُ عِنبَةٌ طَافِيَةٌ، ألا إنَّ اللّه حرَّم علَيْكُمْ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوالكُمْ، كَحُرْمَةِ يوْمِكُمْ هَذا، في بلدِكُمْ هَذا، في شَهْرِكُم هَذا، ألَا هل بَلَّغْتُ؟» قَالُوا: نَعَمْ، قال: «اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ، -ثَلاثًا- وَيْلَكُمْ أَوْ: وَيْحَكُمْ، انظُرُوا: لا ترْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْض» رواه البخاري، وروى مسلم بعضه.
Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) said: We used to speak about the Farewell Pilgrimage while the Prophet (peace be upon him) was among us, and we did not know what the Farewell Pilgrimage was, until the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) praised Allah and extolled Him, then mentioned the False Messiah (al-Masih al-Dajjal) at length and said: "Every prophet that Allah sent warned his nation about him. Nuh warned his people, and so did the prophets after him. If he appears among you, then his affair will not remain hidden from you. Verily, your Lord is not one-eyed, while he is blind in his right eye — his eye is like a protruding grape. Indeed, Allah has made your blood and your wealth inviolable, as sacred as this day of yours, in this land of yours, in this month of yours. Have I not conveyed the message?" They said: "Yes." He said: "O Allah, bear witness" — three times — "Woe to you! — or: Alas for you! — See to it that you do not revert after me to disbelievers, striking one another's necks." Narrated by al-Bukhari, and Muslim narrated part of it.
الشرح · explanation
حجّة الوداع: آخر حجّة حجّها رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم، وسمّيت بذلك لأنّ الرسول صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم ودعّهم فيها حين قال: لعلّي لا ألقاكم بعد عامي هذا، وكان مثلَما قال. بين أظهرنا:جالس بيننا. لا ندري ما حجة الوداع: أي لا نعرف سبب تسميتها بذلك. المسيح الدَّجَّال: سمّي المسيح لأنّه ممسوح العين، وسمّي الدجال: لأنّه بالغ في الكذب بادّعائه الربوبية. أطنب: بالغ. أنذره أمّته: حذّرها منه وبيّن لها بعض صفاته. عنبة طافية: بارزة، مِن طفا الشيء يطفو إذا علا على غيره وظهر. يومكم هذا: يوم النحر. في شهركم هذا: شهر ذي الحجة. ثلاثًا: أي كرّر (اللهم اشهد) ثلاث مرات. وَيل ووَيح: كلٌّ منهما كلمة تستعمل للتحذير.
The Farewell Pilgrimage (hajjat al-wada'): the last pilgrimage performed by the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him); it was so named because the Messenger (peace be upon him) bade them farewell when he said: 'Perhaps I will not meet you after this year of mine,' and it was as he said. Among us (bayna azhurina): sitting among us. We did not know what the Farewell Pilgrimage was (la nadri ma hajjat al-wada'): meaning we did not know the reason for calling it that. The False Messiah (al-Masih al-Dajjal): He was called al-Masih because one of his eyes is wiped out (mamsuh); and he was called al-Dajjal because he is extreme in his lying, claiming lordship. At length (atnab): elaborated extensively. Warned his nation about him (andharahu ummatahu): cautioned them about him and described some of his characteristics. A protruding grape ('inabah tafiyah): bulging out, from tafa meaning something that rises and becomes visible. This day of yours (yawmukum hadha): the Day of Sacrifice. In this month of yours (fi shahrikum hadha): the month of Dhul-Hijjah. Three times (thalathan): meaning he repeated 'O Allah, bear witness' three times. Woe and alas (wayl and wayh): both are words used for warning.
الدروس · lessons
الحذر من الفتن، والاحتراز من أصحابها بمعرفة صفاتهم ومسالكهم. أن الدجال سيظهر في هذه الأمّة لا محالة، وأن اللّه تعالى يحفظ المؤمنين من فتنته بالعلم النافع المُعِين على معرفته بصفته المذكورة في الحديث فيحذرونه. ظهور الدجّال من أمارات الساعة الكبرى. حرمة الدماء والأموال بين المسلمين، ووجوب صيانتها وعدم الاعتداء عليها. إشفاق النّبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم على الأمّة، والتحذير من اقتتال المسلمين وإثارة الفتن التي قد تجر إلى الكفر والردّة عن الإسلام والعياذ باللّه.
The importance of being wary of tribulations and guarding against their proponents by knowing their characteristics and methods. The Dajjal will certainly appear in this nation, and Allah will protect the believers from his trial through beneficial knowledge that helps them recognize him by the description mentioned in the hadith, so they will be on guard against him. The appearance of the Dajjal is among the major signs of the Hour. The sanctity of blood and wealth among Muslims, and the obligation to safeguard them and refrain from transgressing against them. The compassion of the Prophet (peace be upon him) for his nation, and his warning against Muslims fighting one another and inciting tribulations that may lead to disbelief and apostasy from Islam — may Allah protect us.