عَنْ أبي يَعْلَى شَدَّادِ بْن أَوْسٍ رضي اللّه عنه عن النبيّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال: «الكَيِّس مَنْ دَانَ نَفْسَهُ، وَعَمِلَ لِما بَعْدَ الْموْتِ، وَالْعَاجِزُ مَنْ أَتْبَعَ نَفْسَه هَواهَا، وتمَنَّى عَلَى اللّهِ» رواه التِّرْمِذيُّ وقالَ حديثٌ حَسَنٌ.
Abu Ya'la Shaddad ibn Aws (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The wise person is the one who holds himself accountable and works for what comes after death. The helpless one is the one who allows his soul to follow its desires and then places his hopes in Allah (without working for it)." Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, who said: It is a good (hasan) hadith.
الشرح · explanation
الكَيِّس: العاقل، الذي يُحْسن تدبير الأمور. من دان نفسه: أي حاسبها ومنعها مُستلَذّاتها وشهواتها التي فيها هلاك دينها. من أتبع نفسه هواها: أي جعلها تابعة لما تهواه. وعمل لما بعد الموت: أي عمل العمل المؤنس له عند الوحدة والوحشة في القبر وما بعده. تمنى على اللّه: أي الفوز في الآخرة.
Al-Kayyis: the intelligent and prudent one, who excels at managing affairs. Man dana nafsahu: meaning he held himself to account and restrained it from its pleasures and desires that would destroy his religion. Man atba'a nafsahu hawaha: meaning he made his self a follower of its desires. Wa 'amila lima ba'da al-mawt: meaning he performed deeds that would bring him comfort during the loneliness and isolation of the grave and beyond. Tamanna 'ala Allah: meaning he wished for success in the Hereafter without earning it.
الدروس · lessons
وجوب الأخذ بالحزم مع النفس ومحاسبتها، والإتيان بواجب العبودية. عدم الركون إلى الأماني الكاذبة والأوهام الخادعة ، فإن اللّه تعالى يثيب الناس بما عملوا لا بما تمنَّوا من غير عمل. الإنسان المتساهل هو الذي تغلبه نفسه ويغلبه هواه وهو المُفَرِّط والمخاطر. والإنسان الذي يتمنى على اللّه الأماني، هو مع تفريطه في طاعة ربه واتباع شهواته، لا يعتذر بل يتمنى على اللّه أن يعفو عنه.
The obligation to be firm with oneself, hold it accountable, and fulfill the duties of servitude to Allah. Not relying on false hopes and deceptive illusions, for Allah the Exalted rewards people for what they have done, not for what they wish without action. The negligent person is one who is overcome by his ego and desires -- he is the one who is careless and reckless. The person who places empty hopes in Allah is one who, despite his negligence in obeying his Lord and following his desires, does not repent but rather hopes that Allah will pardon him.