روضة الحديث
حديث 78·الباب 6 · بابُ التقوى.·رياض الصالحين · Riyad Al Salihin

عنْ جَابِرٍ رضي اللّه عنه أَنَّهُ غَزَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ فَلَمَّا قَفَل رَسُول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم قَفَل مَعهُمْ، فأدْركتْهُمُ الْقائِلَةُ في وادٍ كَثِيرِ الْعضَاهِ، فَنَزَلَ رسولُ اللّهِ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم، وتَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ يسْتظلُّونَ بالشَّجَرِ، ونَزَلَ رسولُ اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم تَحْتَ سمُرَةٍ، فَعَلَّقَ بِهَا سيْفَه، ونِمْنَا نوْمةً، فَإِذَا رسولُ اللّهِ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم يدْعونَا، وإِذَا عِنْدَهُ أعْرابِيُّ فقَالَ: «إنَّ هَذَا اخْتَرَطَ عَلَيَّ سيْفي وأَنَا نَائِمٌ، فاسْتيقَظتُ وَهُو في يدِهِ صَلْتًا، قالَ: مَنْ يَمْنَعُكَ منِّي؟ قُلْتُ: اللّه -ثَلاثًا-» وَلَمْ يُعاقِبْهُ وَجَلَسَ. متفقٌ عليه. •وفي رواية: قَالَ جابِرٌ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم بذاتِ الرِّقاعِ، فإذَا أَتَيْنَا عَلَى شَجرةٍ ظَلِيلَةٍ تركْنَاهَا لرسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم، فَجاء رجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِين، وَسَيفُ رَسُول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم مُعَلَّقٌ بالشَّجرةِ، فاخْترطهُ فَقَالَ: تَخَافُنِي؟ قَالَ: «لا» قَالَ: فمَنْ يمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي؟ قَالَ: «اللّه». •وفي رواية أبي بكرٍ الإِسماعيلي في صحيحِهِ: قَالَ منْ يمْنعُكَ مِنِّي؟ قَالَ: «اللّهُ»قَالَ: فسقَطَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يدِهِ، فَأخَذَ رسَول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم السَّيْفَ فَقال: «منْ يمنعُكَ مِنِّي؟»  فَقال: كُن خَيْرَ آخِذٍ، فَقَالَ: «تَشهدُ أنْ لا إلٰه إلّا اللّهُ، وأنِّي رسولُ اللّه؟»  قَالَ: لا، ولكِنِّي أعاهِدُك أنْ لا أقَاتِلَكَ، وَلا أكُونَ مَعَ قَومٍ يُقَاتِلُونَكَ، فَخلَّى سبِيلهُ، فَأتى أصحابَه فقَالَ: جِئتكُمْ مِنْ عِندِ خيرِ النَّاسِ.

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he went on a military expedition with the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the direction of Najd. When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned, he returned with them. The midday rest overtook them in a valley with many thorny trees. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) dismounted, and the people dispersed to seek shade under the trees. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) rested under an acacia tree and hung his sword on it. We all napped, and then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) called us, and there was a Bedouin with him. He said: "This man unsheathed my sword while I was asleep. I woke up and it was in his hand, drawn. He said: 'Who will protect you from me?' I said: 'Allah' -- three times." And he did not punish the man, and sat down. Agreed upon (narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim). In another narration, Jabir said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) at Dhat al-Riqa'. When we came upon a shady tree, we left it for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). A man from the polytheists came, and the sword of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was hanging on the tree. He drew it and said: 'Do you fear me?' He said: 'No.' The man said: 'Who will protect you from me?' He said: 'Allah.' In the narration of Abu Bakr al-Isma'ili in his Sahih, the man said: 'Who will protect you from me?' He said: 'Allah.' Then the sword fell from his hand. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) took the sword and said: 'Who will protect you from me?' The man said: 'Be the best of those who take.' The Prophet said: 'Will you testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'No, but I pledge to you that I will not fight you nor be with any people who fight you.' So he let him go. The man went back to his companions and said: 'I have come to you from the best of people.'

الشرح · explanation

قِبَل نجد: أي جهتها. فلما قَفل: أي رجع. القائلة: منتصف النهار، وقت القيلولة. العضاه: كل شجرة ذات شوك، وقيل الشجرة الكثيرة الورق. سَمُرة: هي شجرة كبيرة وافرة الظل. اخْتَرَطَ عليّ سيفي: أخذ السيف فاستله. صَلْتًا: أي أخرجه من غمده.

Qibala Najd: meaning in its direction. Falamma qafala: meaning he returned. Al-Qa'ilah: midday, the time of the afternoon nap (qaylulah). Al-'Idah: any tree with thorns; it was also said to mean trees with abundant leaves. Samurah: a large tree with ample shade. Ikhtarata 'alayya sayfi: he took the sword and drew it from its scabbard. Saltan: meaning he drew it out of its sheath.

الدروس · lessons

يدل الحديث على كمال يقين رسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم وثقته بكفاية ربّه تبارك وتعالى له، مع شدّة تفويضه وتوكله على اللّه عزّ وجلّ. الأعرابي كان يقدر المعروف، فقال: جئتكم من عند خير الناس. ذُكر أنّه أسلم وأنّه رجع إلى قومه فاهتدى به خلق كثير. إذا رأى ولي الأمر العفو عن بعض الجناة لمصلحة إسلامية فلا بأس، العفو في محله مطلوب، وإذا رأى ولي الأمر عدم العفو؛ لأن هناك أسباب توجب العقاب لم يعف؛ لأنّ الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم عفا عن قوم وعاقب آخرين.

The hadith indicates the complete certainty of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), his trust in his Lord's sufficiency, and his intense reliance and delegation of affairs to Allah. The Bedouin recognized and valued kindness, and said: 'I have come to you from the best of people.' It is mentioned that he later embraced Islam, and that he returned to his people and many were guided through him. If the ruler sees benefit for Islam in pardoning certain offenders, there is nothing wrong with that. Pardoning in its proper place is desired. And if the ruler sees that pardoning is not warranted because there are grounds for punishment, then he does not pardon, for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) pardoned some and punished others.

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