عن جُنْدبِ بن عبد اللّه رضي اللّه عنه قال: قال رسولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «مَنْ صَلَّى صَلاةَ الصُّبحِ فَهُوَ فِي ذِمَّةِ اللّه، فَلا يطْلُبنَّكُمُ اللّهُ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ بِشَيْءٍ، فَإِنَّهُ منْ يَطْلُبْهُ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ بِشَيْءٍ يُدرِكْه، ثُمَّ يكُبُّهُ عَلَى وجْهِهِ في نَارِ جَهَنَّم» رواه مسلم.
Jundub ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever prays the dawn prayer (Fajr) is under the protection of Allah. So let not Allah call you to account for anything concerning His protection. For whoever He calls to account for His protection, He will seize him and then throw him face down into the Fire of Hell." Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
من صلّى صلاة الصبح: أي صلّاها جماعة في وقتها كما في رواية "من صلّى الصبح في جماعة فهو في ذمّة اللّه…". في ذمّة اللّه: في عهده وأمانه وضمانه. يكبّه: يُلقيه ويَقلبه.
"Whoever prays the dawn prayer" (man salla salat al-subh): meaning he prays it in congregation at its proper time, as stated in another narration: "Whoever prays the dawn prayer in congregation is under the protection of Allah..." "Under the protection of Allah" (fi dhimmati Allah): under His covenant, safety, and guarantee. "Throw him" (yakubbuhu): to cast him down and overturn him.
الدروس · lessons
خُصّت صلاة الصبح بهذه الأفضلية، لما فيها من الكُلفة والمشقّة، فالحرص عليها علامة على الإخلاص. حماية اللّه تعالى لمن صلّى الصبح في جماعة في المسجد. هذه الفضيلة تكون لمن صلّى الفجر مع الجماعة في المسجد، جمعًا بين الأحاديث، إلا للنّساء ولمن كان له عذرٌ يمنعه من شهودها جماعةً في المسجد. ترك صلاة الصبح أو أداؤها بعد طلوع الشمس يعرّض العبد لنقض الذمّة والعهد الذي بينه وبين ربه. فيه غاية التحذير من التعرض بسوء لمن صلّى صلاة الصبح المستلزمة لصلاة بقيّة الخمس، وأنّ في التعرّض له بسوء غاية الإهانة والعذاب.
The dawn prayer is singled out with this virtue because of its difficulty and hardship; being consistent in performing it is a sign of sincerity. Allah the Most High protects whoever prays the dawn prayer in congregation at the mosque. This virtue is for one who prays the Fajr prayer in congregation at the mosque, based on the combined narrations, except for women and those with a valid excuse preventing them from attending it in congregation. Abandoning the dawn prayer or performing it after sunrise exposes the servant to the violation of the covenant between him and his Lord. It contains the utmost warning against harming one who prays the dawn prayer — which necessitates praying the remaining five daily prayers — and that harming such a person leads to the utmost humiliation and punishment.