عن حَارِثَة بنِ وَهْبٍ رضي اللّهُ عنه قال: سمعتُ رسولَ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم يقولُ: «أَلا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَهْلِ الجَنَّةِ؟ كُلُّ ضَعيفٍ مُتَضَعَّفٍ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللّهِ لأبَرَّه، أَلا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بَأَهْلِ النَّارِ؟ كُلُّ عُتُلٍّ جَوَّاظٍ مُسْتَكْبِرٍ». متفقٌ عليه.
Ḥarithah ibn Wahb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say, "Shall I not inform you about the people of Paradise? They are every weak and humble person who, if he were to swear by Allah, Allah would fulfill his oath. Shall I not inform you about the people of the Fire? They are every harsh, miserly, and arrogant person." [Agreed upon]
الشرح · explanation
بأهل الجنّة : أي بسِماتِهم وأفعالِهم لتقتدوا بهم، والمراد معظم أهلها. ضَعيفٍ: رقيق القلب، خاضع للّه ذليل له. مُتَضَعَّفٍ: متواضع متذلِّل يستضعفه الناس ويحتقرونه ويتجبرون عليه. لَوْ أَقْسَم عَلَى اللّه: أي لو حلف يمينًا طمعًا في كرم اللّه تعالى بإبراره. لأبَرَّه: لأجابه إلى ما أقسم عليه، أي أعطاه اللّه ما يريد. بأهل النار : المراد معظم أهلها لا كلهم. عُتلّ: أي الْغَلِيظُ الجافِي. جَوَّاظ: أي هُو الجَمُوعُ المَنُوعُ، وَقِيلَ: الضَّخْمُ المُخْتَالُ فِي مِشْيَتِهِ، وقيلَ: الْقَصِيرُ الْبَطِين.
"The people of Paradise": their traits and deeds, so that you may follow them; intended are the majority of its people. "Weak": tender of heart, submissive to Allah, humble before Him. "Muta\ḍaʿʿaf": modest, humble; people consider him weak, despise him, and act haughtily over him. "If he were to swear by Allah": that is, if he took an oath in hope of Allah's generosity in fulfilling it. "Would fulfill his oath": that is, would grant him what he swore to — Allah would give him what he wishes. "The people of the Fire": meaning the majority, not all of them. "ʿUtull": the harsh and rough. "Jawwāẓ": the hoarder who withholds; or, the tall and arrogant in his gait; or, the short with a protruding belly.
الدروس · lessons
النهي عن الغلظة والخُيَلاء. استحباب التواضع والتذلل للمسلمين.
Prohibition of harshness and pride. Humility and meekness toward fellow Muslims are recommended.