عَنْ أبي هريرةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قال: كُنَّا قُعُودًا حَوْلَ رسولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ، وَمعَنَا أَبُو بكْرٍ وعُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُما في نَفَرٍ، فَقامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ مِنْ بينِ أَظْهُرِنا، فَأَبْطَأَ علَيْنَا، وخَشِينا أَنْ يُقْتَطَعَ دُونَنَا وَفَزِعْنَا فقُمْنَا، فَكُنْتُ أَوّلَ منْ فَزِعَ، فَخَرَجْتُ أَبْتغي رسُولَ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ حَائِطًا للأَنْصَارِ لِبني النَّجَّارِ، فَدُرْتُ بِهِ هَلْ أَجِدُ لَهُ بابًا، فلَمْ أَجِدْ، فإذَا ربيعٌ يدْخُلُ في جوْفِ حَائِطٍ مِنْ بِئرٍ خَارِجَهُ -والرَّبيعُ: الجَدْوَلُ الصّغير-فاحتَفزْتُ، فدَخلْتُ عَلى رسُولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فقال: «أَبو هُريرةَ؟» فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ يَا رسُولَ اللهِ، قال: «ما شَأنُكَ؟» قلتُ: كُنْتَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا، فقُمْتَ فَأَبَطأْتَ علَيْنَا، فَخَشِينَا أَنْ تُقْتَطعَ دُونَنا، ففَزِعْنَا، فَكُنْتُ أَوَّلَ منْ فَزعَ، فأَتَيْتُ هذَا الحائِطَ، فَاحْتَفَزْتُ كَمَا يَحْتَفِزُ الثَّعلبُ، وَهؤلاءِ النَّاسُ وَرَائي، فَقَالَ: «يَا أَبا هريرةَ» وأَعطَاني نَعْلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: «اذْهَبْ بِنَعْلَيَّ هاتَيْنِ، فَمنْ لقيتَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ هَذا الحائِطِ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لا إلهَ إلَّا اللهُ مُسْتَيْقنًا بها قَلبُهُ، فَبَشِّرْهُ بالجنَّةِ» وذَكَرَ الحدِيثَ بطُولِهِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were seated around the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and with us were Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) among a group. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) got up from among us and was slow to return. We feared that he might be cut off from us [and come to harm], so we became alarmed and rose up. I was the first to be alarmed, so I went out seeking the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) until I came to a garden belonging to the Ansar, of the Banu al-Najjar. I went around it looking for a gate, but I found none. Then [I saw] a stream flowing into the interior of the garden from a well outside it — a rabi is a small channel — so I squeezed myself together and went in to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: "Abu Hurayrah?" I said: "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." He said: "What is the matter with you?" I said: "You were among us, then you got up and were slow to return, so we feared that you might be cut off from us, and we became alarmed. I was the first to be alarmed, so I came to this garden and squeezed myself together as a fox squeezes itself, and these people are behind me." He said: "O Abu Hurayrah," and he gave me his sandals and said: "Take these two sandals of mine, and whomever you meet beyond this garden bearing witness that there is no god but Allah, certain of it in his heart, give him the glad tidings of Paradise." And he mentioned the hadith in full. Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
نفر: جماعة من الرجال. من بين أظهرنا: من بيننا. فأبطأ: تأخّر رجوعه. فخشينا: خفنا أن يصيبه مكروه من عدوّ أو أسر. أن يُقتطع دوننا: أن يصاب بأذى يقطعه عنا ويبعده منا. ففزعنا: ذُعرنا، أو نهضنا للبحث عنه. أبتغي: أطلب. حائطًا: بستانًا. فدُرت: سرت حوله. رَبيع: النَّهْرُ الصَّغِيرُ، الجدْوَل الصغير. فاحْتَفَزْتُ: تَضَامَمْتُ وتصَاغَرْتُ حَتَّى أَمْكَنَني الدُّخُولُ. مستيقنًا: مصدقًا.
"A group (nafar)": a company of men. "From among us (min bayni azhurina)": from our midst. "Was slow (fa-abta'a)": his return was delayed. "We feared (fa-khashina)": we were afraid that some harm might befall him from an enemy or by capture. "That he might be cut off from us": that some harm might befall him that would cut him off from us and take him away. "We became alarmed (fa-fazina)": we were startled, or we rose up to search for him. "Seeking (abtaghi)": looking for. "A garden (ha'itan)": an orchard. "I went around (fa-durtu)": I walked around it. "A rabi": a small river, a small channel. "I squeezed myself together (fa-ihtafaztu)": I drew myself in and made myself small until I was able to enter. "Certain (mustayqinan)": firmly believing.
الدروس · lessons
دخول الجنّة سواءٌ ابتداءً أو بعد الخروج من النار لا يكون إلّا لمن يشهد أن لا إله إلا اللهُ موقنًا بها قلبه. إن الأصل العام في النجاة من النار ودخول الجنّة هو الإيمان بالله تعالى وحده وعدم الإشراك به ومع فقدانه لا ينفع أي عمل مهما كان صالحًا أو كثيرًا، وفي حال وجوده لا تنعدم المسؤولية من التكاليف المبنية على أساسه. ضرورة معرفة معنى الشهادة وشروطها، ومعرفة ما ينقضها، ليصل الإنسان إلى أن يكون ممن استيقن قلبه بالإيمان. استحباب البشارة بالخير لا سيما إذا كان خيرًا أخرويًا به السعادة الكاملة. حب الصحابة لرسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم وحرصهم على سلامته وحياته. من عرف الدنيا حق المعرفة أيقن أنها مجرد ممر لشيء عظيم أعده الله سبحانه وتعالى للمؤمنين... وأن كل ما فيها من نعيم ومتاع لا يساوي جناح بعوضة. قال صلى الله عليه وسلم:"كن في الدنيا كأنك غريب أو عابر سبيل.'' المعنى: لا تجزع لمحنة ولا تغتر بنعمة. الدنيا بأسرها نومة في ظل شجرة، ثم الموعد الجنة.
Entering Paradise — whether at the outset or after coming out of the Fire — is only for the one who bears witness that there is no god but Allah, his heart being certain of it. The general basis for salvation from the Fire and entry into Paradise is faith in Allah the Exalted alone and not associating any partner with Him; without it no deed benefits, however righteous or abundant, and when it is present, the responsibility of the obligations built upon it is not removed. The necessity of knowing the meaning of the testimony of faith and its conditions, and of knowing what nullifies it, so that a person may become one whose heart is certain in faith. It is recommended to give glad tidings of good, especially when it is an otherworldly good that brings complete happiness. The Companions' love for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and their concern for his safety and life. Whoever knows this world as it truly is becomes certain that it is merely a passage to something great that Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) has prepared for the believers, and that all its comforts and enjoyments are not worth a mosquito's wing. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Be in this world as though you were a stranger or a wayfarer." The meaning: do not despair at hardship, nor be deluded by comfort. This entire world is but a nap in the shade of a tree, and then the appointed place is Paradise.