عَنْ أبي جُحَيْفَةَ وهْبِ بنِ عبدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قال: رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ بمَكَّةَ وَهُوَ بِالأَبْطَحِ في قُبَّةٍ لَهُ حمْراءَ مِنْ أَدَمٍ، فَخَرَجَ بِلالٌ بِوَضوئِهِ، فَمِنْ نَاضِحٍ ونَائِلٍ، فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ وعَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ حَمْرَاءُ، كَأَنِّي أَنْظرُ إِلى بَيَاضِ ساقَيْهِ، فَتَوضَّأَ، وَأَذَّنَ بِلالٌ، فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَتبَّعُ فَاهُ ههُنَا وههُنَا؛ يقولُ يَمِينًا وشِمَالًا: حَيَّ عَلى الصَّلاةِ، حيَّ على الفَلاَحِ، ثُمَّ رُكِزَتْ لَهُ عَنَزَةٌ، فَتَقَدَّمَ فَصَلَّى يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ الكَلْبُ وَالحِمَارُ لاَ يُمْنعُ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Juhayfah, Wahb ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), reported: I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at Mecca while he was at al-Abtah in a red tent of his made of leather. Bilal came out with his ablution water, and some people took a sprinkling and some took a share of it. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came out wearing a red garment; it is as if I am looking at the whiteness of his shins. He performed ablution, and Bilal called the adhan, and I began to follow his mouth here and there; he was saying to the right and to the left: "Come to prayer, come to success." Then a short spear was planted for him, and he stepped forward and prayed, with the dog and the donkey passing in front of him without being prevented. Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
الأَبطَح: اسم لموضع مخصوص بين مكة ومنى. قبّة: خيمة. أَدَم: هو الجلد المدبوغ. بوَضوئه: الماء المعدّ ليتوضأ به. ناضِح ونائِل: النضح هو الرشّ، والنائل: هو الآخذ من الماء، أي بعضهم أخذ كثيرًا وبعضهم أخذ قليلًا من ماء وضوء النّبيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم. عَنَزَة: رمح في طرفه حديدة محددة، وهي نحْوُ العُكَّازَة، كان النّبيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم يصحبها معه في السفر. رُكِزَتْ: غُرزت بين يديه.
Al-Abtah: the name of a particular place between Mecca and Mina. A tent (qubbah): a tent. Leather (adam): tanned hide. "His ablution water": the water prepared for him to perform ablution with. A sprinkling and a share: al-nadh is sprinkling, and al-na'il is the one who takes some of the water; that is, some of them took much and some took little of the ablution water of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). A short spear ('anazah): a spear with a sharpened iron point at its end, resembling a walking staff, which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to keep with him while traveling. "Was planted": was fixed upright before him.
الدروس · lessons
جواز التبرّك بآثار النّبيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم. شدة محبّة الصحابة للنّبيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم وتبركهم بآثاره. مشروعية التفات المؤذن يمينًا وشمالًا عند قوله: (حي على الصلاة، حي على الفلاح) والحكمة في هذا تبليغ الناس ليأتوا إلى الصلاة. جواز لبس الحلّة الملوّنة للرجال غير الخالصة في الحمرة. جواز تشمير الرجل ثوبه عن ساقيه، لأنهما ليسا من العورة. مشروعية اتخاذ السُّترة للمصلي في موضع لا يأمن المرور أمامه. مشروعية قصر الرباعية إلى ركعتين في السفر.
The permissibility of seeking blessing through the relics of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The intense love of the Companions for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and their seeking blessing through his relics. It is prescribed for the muezzin to turn to the right and to the left when saying, "Come to prayer, come to success," the wisdom being to convey the call to the people so that they come to the prayer. The permissibility of men wearing a colored garment that is not purely red. The permissibility of a man rolling up his garment above his shins, since they are not part of the nakedness. It is prescribed for the one praying to take a barrier (sutrah) in a place where he is not safe from someone passing in front of him. It is prescribed to shorten the four-unit prayer to two units while traveling.