عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَتَا: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصْبِحُ جُنُباً مِنْ غَيْرِ حُلُمٍ، ثُمَّ يَصُومُ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Aisha and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would reach morning in a state of major ritual impurity, not from a wet dream, and then he would fast." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
من غير حلم: وفي رواية: "من غير احتلام"، وفي روايات أخرى: "جنبا من جماع لا من حلم" والمراد منه التأكيد على أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يصبح جنبا من جماع، وهو آكد في وجوب الغسل، ومع ذلك يصوم قبل أن يغتسل.
"Not from a wet dream": in one narration: "not from a nocturnal emission," and in other narrations: "in a state of major impurity from sexual relations, not from a wet dream." What is meant by it is to emphasize that he (peace and blessings be upon him) would reach morning in a state of major impurity from sexual relations — which makes the obligation of bathing more emphatic — and yet he would fast before bathing.
الدروس · lessons
أنّ الجماع قبل الصبح لا يضر الصوم وإن تأخر الغسل، ويومئ إلى ذلك قوله تعالى: أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَائِكُمْ [البقرة: ١٨٧]؛ إذ يلزم من حله آخر أجزاء الليل، وطلوع الفجر عليه وهو جنب لا يؤثر على صحة صومه. أنّ النّبيّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وسلم لا يحتلم لأنّ الاحتلام من تلاعب الشيطان. الأفضل أن يغتسل قبل الفجر، فلو أدركه الفجر وهو جنب صح صومه وعليه الاغتسال قبل طلوع الشمس ليدرك صلاة الفجر.
Sexual relations before dawn do not harm the fast, even if bathing is delayed. This is indicated by the words of Allah the Exalted: "It has been made lawful for you, on the night of the fast, to approach your wives" [Surah al-Baqarah: 187]; for its permissibility [extends] to the last portions of the night, and dawn breaking upon him while he is in a state of major impurity does not affect the validity of his fast. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not have wet dreams, because a wet dream is from the toying of Satan. It is preferable to bathe before dawn; but if dawn comes upon him while he is in a state of major impurity, his fast is valid, and he must bathe before sunrise so as to perform the dawn prayer.