عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: مَرَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِشِعْبٍ فِيهِ عُيَيْنَةٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ عَذْبَةٍ فَأَعْجَبَتْهُ فَقَالَ: لَوِ اعْتَزَلْتُ النَّاسَ، فَأَقَمْتُ فِي هَذَا الشِّعْبِ، وَلَنْ أفْعَلَ حَتَّى أَسْتَأْذِنَ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «لا تَفْعَلْ، فَإنَّ مُقَامَ أَحَدِكُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ صَلاتِهِ فِي بَيْتِهِ سَبْعِينَ عَامًا، ألَا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللّهُ لَكُمْ وَيُدْخِلَكُمُ الْجَنَّةَ؟ اغْزُوا فِي سَبيلِ اللّهِ، مَنْ قَاتَلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّهِ فُوَاقَ نَاقَةٍ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ» رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man from among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a mountain pass in which there was a small spring of sweet water. It pleased him, and he said, "If only I were to withdraw from people and settle in this pass — but I will not do so until I seek the permission of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." He mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: "Do not do so, for the standing of one of you in the path of Allah is better than his praying in his house for seventy years. Do you not wish that Allah should forgive you and admit you into Paradise? Fight in the path of Allah; whoever fights in the path of Allah for [the span] between two milkings of a she-camel, Paradise becomes his due." Reported by al-Tirmidhi, who said: a hasan hadith.
الشرح · explanation
بشعب: طريق في الجبل، ما انفرج بين الجبلين. عيينة: عين ماء صغيرة. عذبة: طيبة. اعتزلت الناس: تركت الاختلاط بهم. مُقام: المنزلة، المرتبة، الثبات موضع الإقامة. فُوَاق: أي الزمن ما بَيْنَ الحَلْبَتَيْنِ للناقة.
"A mountain pass (shiʿb)": a path through a mountain, the opening between two mountains. "A small spring (ʿuyaynah)": a small spring of water. "Sweet (ʿadhbah)": pleasant [to taste]. "I withdraw from people (iʿtazaltu al-nas)": I leave off mixing with them. "Standing (muqam)": rank, station, and steadfast presence in a place. "Fuwaq (interval)": that is, the span of time between two milkings of a she-camel.
الدروس · lessons
زيادة الترغيب في الجهاد في سبيل اللّهِ تعالى. بيان ما كان عليه الصحابة من الأدب مع رسول اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ فإنّ أحدهم كان لا يفصل في أمر حتى يعرض ذلك على النّبيّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّم. أنّ الجهاد أفضل من النافلة، وحمل هذا جمهور العلماء على ما إذا هجم الكفار على بلاد المسلمين وخُشِيَ استيلاؤهم عليها، وذلك لما في الجهاد من إنقاذ المسلمين، وهذا نفع متعدّ، ونفع الصلاة قاصر على صاحبه.
Further encouragement toward jihad in the path of Allah the Exalted. A display of the excellent manners the Companions had with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): one of them would not settle a matter until he laid it before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). That jihad is superior to voluntary worship. The majority of scholars understood this to apply when the disbelievers attack the lands of the Muslims and their conquest is feared, because of the deliverance of the Muslims that jihad brings — a benefit that extends to others, whereas the benefit of [voluntary] prayer is confined to the one who performs it.