عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مِنْ خَيْرِ مَعَاشِ النَّاسِ لَهُمْ رَجُلٌ مُمْسِكٌ بِعِنَانِ فَرَسِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، يَطِيرُ عَلَى مَتْنِهِ، كُلَّمَا سَمِعَ هَيْعَةً أَوْ فَزْعَةً طَارَ عَلَى مَتْنِهِ يَبْتَغِي الْقَتْلَ أَوِ الْمَوْتَ مَظَانَّهُ، أَوْ رَجُلٌ فِي غُنَيْمَةٍ أَوْ شَعَفَةٍ مِنْ هذِهِ الشَّعَفِ، أَوْ بَطْنِ وَادٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَوْدِيَةِ، يُقِيمُ الصَّلاةَ، وَيُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ، وَيَعْبُدُ رَبَّهُ حَتَّى يَأتِيَهُ الْيَقِينُ، لَيْسَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إلَّا فِي خَيْرٍ» رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Among the best of lives people may live is that of a man holding the reins of his horse in the path of Allah, flying upon its back: whenever he hears a call to arms or an alarm, he flies upon its back seeking to be slain or to meet death wherever it may be expected. Or [that of] a man among a small flock of sheep on one of these mountain peaks, or in the bottom of one of these valleys, establishing the prayer, giving the zakah, and worshipping his Lord until certainty [death] comes to him, having nothing to do with people except in goodness." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
معاش رجل: أي ما به يكون العيش وبه تقوم حياة الناس من الرزق وغيره. ممسك بعِنَان فَرَسِه في سبيلِ اللّهِ: أي ملتزم لِجَامَه وزِمَامَه محتبسه في الجهاد. يطير: أي يسرع متخطيًا كل العوائق. متنه: ظهره. هيعة: صَيْحَةً يُفزَعُ منها ويُجْبَن، ويقصد بها هنا صوت الحرب. فزعة: أي سرعة الاستجابة لنصرة المستغيث. مظانه: أي المكان الذي يظن وجوده فيه وينشد فيه غايته وهو مكان المعركة موطن الشهادة أو قتل العدو. شعفة من هذه الشعف: أي في قمة جبل من قمم هذه الجبال. اليقين: الموت.
"A man's livelihood (maʿash)": that is, that by which living is sustained and by which people's lives are maintained, of provision and the like. "Holding the reins of his horse in the path of Allah": that is, keeping firm hold of its bridle and halter, devoting it to jihad. "He flies (yatir)": that is, he hastens, surmounting every obstacle. "Its back (matnuhu)": its back. "An alarm (hayʿah)": a cry that causes fright and dread; here it means the sound of battle. "An alarm (fazʿah)": that is, a swift response to aid one who calls for help. "Wherever it may be expected (mazannuhu)": that is, the place where it is thought to be found and where he seeks his aim — the field of battle, the site of martyrdom or of slaying the enemy. "A peak among these peaks (shaʿafah)": that is, on a summit among the summits of these mountains. "Certainty (al-yaqin)": death.
الدروس · lessons
بيان فضل الجهاد والموت في سبيل اللّهِ والاستعداد الدائم له. بيان فضل الانقطاع للعبادة بعيدًا عن أهل الشر والفتن من الناس، يؤدي حق اللّه تعالى وحق العباد، راجيًا ثواب الآخرة، زاهدًا في الدنيا قانعًا منها بغُنَيْمَة وذلك عند فساد الناس. أَفضلية المجاهد على العابد المنقطع للعبادة.
A declaration of the merit of jihad and of death in the path of Allah, and of constant readiness for it. A declaration of the merit of devoting oneself to worship, far from the people of evil and turmoil, fulfilling the right of Allah the Exalted and the rights of His servants, hoping for the reward of the Hereafter, abstaining from the world and content with a small flock of it — and that is [especially so] when people have become corrupt. The superiority of the fighter over the worshipper who withdraws for worship [in seclusion].