حديث 1503 · باب كرامات الأولياء وفضلهم — روضة الحديث

عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمن بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ الصُّفَّةِ كَانوا أُنَاسًا فُقَرَاءَ، وَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَرَّةً: «مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ طَعَامُ اثْنَيْنِ فَلْيَذْهَبْ بِثَالِثٍ، وَمَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ طَعَامُ أَرْبَعَةٍ فَلْيَذْهَبْ بِخَامِسٍ بِسَادِسٍ» أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ، وَأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ جَاءَ بِثَلاثَةٍ، وَانْطَلَقَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَشَرَةٍ، وَأَنَّ أبَا بَكْرٍ تَعَشَّى عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُّمَّ لَبِثَ حَتَّى صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ، فَجَاءَ بَعْدَ مَا مَضَى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مَا شَاءَ اللّهُ، قَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ: مَا حَبَسَكَ عَنْ أَضْيَافِكَ؟ قَالَ: أَوَمَا عَشَّيْتِهِمْ؟ قَالَتْ: أَبَوْا حَتَّى تَجِيءَ وَقَدْ عَرَضُوا عَلَيْهِم، قَالَ: فَذَهَبْتُ أَنَا، فَاخْتَبَأْتُ، فَقَالَ: يَا غُنْثَرُ، فَجَدَّعَ وَسَبَّ، وَقَالَ: كُلُوا لا هَنِيئًا، وَقَالَ: وَاللّهِ لا أَطْعَمُهُ أَبَدًا، قَالَ: وَايْمُ اللّهِ مَا كُنَّا نَأْخُذُ مِنْ لُقْمةٍ إِلّا رَبَا مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا حَتَّى شَبِعُوا، وَصَارَتْ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا كَانَتْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَنَظَرَ إلَيْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ لامْرَأَتِهِ: يَا أُخْتَ بَنِي فِرَاسٍ مَا هَذَا؟ قَالَتْ: لا وَقُرّةِ عَيْنِي لَهِيَ الآنَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِثَلاثِ مَرَّاتٍ، فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَقَالَ: إنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ -يَعَنْي يَمِينَهُ- ثُمَّ أَكَلَ مِنْهَا لُقْمَةً، ثُمَّ حَمَلَهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَصْبَحَتْ عِنْدَهُ، وَكَانَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَهْدٌ، فَمَضَى الْأَجَلُ، فَتَفَرَّقْنَا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا، مَعَ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ أُنَاسٌ، اللّهُ أَعْلَم كَمْ مَعَ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ، فَأَكَلُوا مِنْهَا أَجْمَعُونَ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: فَحَلَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لا يَطْعَمُهُ، فَحَلَفَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لا تَطْعَمَهُ، فَحَلَفَ الضِّيْفُ -أوِ الأَضْيَافُ- أَن لا يَطْعَمَهُ -أَوْ يَطْعَمُوهُ- حَتَّى يَطْعَمَهُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: هَذِهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ فَدَعَا بِالطَّعَامِ، فَأَكَلَ وَأَكَلُوا، فَجَعَلُوا لا يَرْفَعُونَ لُقْمَةً إِلّا رَبَتْ مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا، فَقَالَ: يَا أُخْتَ بَنِي فِرَاسٍ، مَا هَذَا؟ فَقَالَتْ: وَقُرَّةِ عَيْنِي، إِنِّهَا الْآنَ لأَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ نَأْكُلَ، فَأَكَلُوا، وَبَعَثَ بِهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فذَكَرَ إنَّه أَكَلَ مِنهَا. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ: دُونَكَ أَضْيَافَكَ، فَإنِّي مُنْطَلِقٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَافْرُغْ مِنْ قِرَاهُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَجِيءَ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، فَأَتَاهُمْ بِمَا عِنْدَهُ، فَقَالَ: اطْعَمُوا، فَقَالُوا: أَيْنَ رَبُّ مَنْزِلِنَا؟ قَالَ: اطْعَمُوا، قَالُوا: مَا نَحْنُ بِآكِلِينَ حَتَى يَجِيءَ رَبُّ مَنْزِلِنَا، قَالَ: اقْبَلُوا عَنَّا قِرَاكُمْ، فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ جَاءَ وَلَمْ تَطْعَمُوا لَنَلْقَيَنَّ مِنْهُ، فَأَبَوْا، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ يَجِدُ عَلَيَّ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ تَنَحَّيْتُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: مَا صَنَعْتُمْ؟ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ، فَسَكَتُّ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ، فَسَكَتُّ، فَقَالَ: يَا غُنْثَرُ، أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَسْمَعُ صَوْتِي لَمَا جِئْتَ فَخَرَجْتُ، فَقُلْتُ: سَلْ أَضْيَافَكَ، فَقَالُوا: صَدَقَ، أتَانَا بِهِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا انْتَظَرْتُمُونِي، وَاللّهِ لا أَطْعَمُهُ اللَّيْلَةَ، فَقَالَ الآخَرُونَ: وَاللّهِ لا نَطْعَمُهُ حَتَّى تَطْعَمَهُ، قَالَ: وَيْلَكُمْ مَا لَكُمْ لا تَقْبَلُونَ عَنَّا قِرَاكُمْ؟ هَاتِ طَعَامَكَ، فَجَاءَ بِهِ، فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ، فَقَالَ: بِاسْمِ اللّهِ، الْأَولَى مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، فَأَكَلَ وَأَكَلُوا، مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

Abu Muhammad Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the people of the Suffah were poor folk, and that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) once said: "Whoever has food enough for two, let him take a third; and whoever has food enough for four, let him take a fifth or a sixth" — or as he said. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) brought three, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went off with ten. Abu Bakr took his supper with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then remained until he had prayed the Isha prayer, then returned, and came back after as much of the night had passed as Allah willed. His wife said to him: "What kept you from your guests?" He said: "Have you not given them their supper?" She said: "They refused until you should come, though it was offered to them." He (Abd al-Rahman) said: I went off and hid myself, and he said: "O you dolt!" He rebuked and reviled, and said: "Eat — no cheer to you!" And he said: "By Allah, I shall never eat it." He (Abd al-Rahman) said: By Allah, we would not take a single morsel but that more than it would well up from beneath it, until they had eaten their fill, and it became more than it had been before. Abu Bakr looked at it and said to his wife: "O sister of Banu Firas, what is this?" She said: "By the delight of my eye, it is now three times more than it was before!" So Abu Bakr ate from it and said: "That was only from Satan" — meaning his oath — then he ate a morsel of it, then carried it to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and it remained with him until morning. Now there was between us and some people a treaty, and its term had expired, so we divided into twelve men, with each man some people — Allah knows how many were with each man — and they all ate from it. In another narration: Abu Bakr swore that he would not eat it, and the wife swore that she would not eat it, and the guest — or the guests — swore that they would not eat it until he ate it. Abu Bakr said: "This is from Satan!" So he called for the food, and he ate and they ate, and they would not lift a morsel but that more than it welled up from beneath it. He said: "O sister of Banu Firas, what is this?" She said: "By the delight of my eye, it is now more than it was before we ate!" So they ate, and he sent it to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and it was mentioned that he ate from it. In another narration: Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Abd al-Rahman: "Attend to your guests, for I am going off to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Finish serving them before I come." So Abd al-Rahman went and brought them what he had, and said: "Eat." They said: "Where is the master of our house?" He said: "Eat." They said: "We will not eat until the master of our house comes." He said: "Accept your meal from us, for if he comes and you have not eaten, we shall face harshness from him." But they refused, and I knew that he would be angry with me. When he came, I slipped away from him, and he said: "What have you done?" They told him, and he said: "O Abd al-Rahman!" I kept silent. Then he said: "O Abd al-Rahman!" I kept silent. He said: "O you dolt! I adjure you, if you can hear my voice, to come!" So I came out and said: "Ask your guests." They said: "He has told the truth; he brought it to us." He said: "You were only waiting for me. By Allah, I shall not eat it tonight." The others said: "By Allah, we shall not eat it until you eat it." He said: "Woe to you! What is the matter with you that you will not accept your meal from us? Bring your food!" So it was brought, and he placed his hand on it and said: "In the name of Allah — the first oath was from Satan," and he ate, and they ate. Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).