عَنْ عِتْبَانَ بنِ مالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ الطَّوِيلِ الْمَشْهُورِ قَالَ: قَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي، فَقَالُوا: «أَيْنَ مَالِكُ بْنُ الدُّخْشُمِ؟» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: ذَلِكَ مُنَافِقٌ لا يُحِبُّ اللّهَ وَلا رَسُولَهُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لا تَقُلْ ذَلِكَ، أَلا تَرَاهُ قَدْ قَالَ: لا إِلَـٰهَ إِلّا اللّهُ يُريدُ بِذَلكَ وَجْهَ اللّهِ تَعَالَى؟! وَإِنَّ اللّهَ قدْ حَرَّمَ على النَّارِ مَنْ قَالَ: لا إِلَـٰهَ إلّا اللّهُ يبْتَغِي بِذلكَ وجْهَ اللّهِ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Itban ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), in his long and well-known hadith, said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood praying, and they said: "Where is Malik ibn al-Dukhshum?" A man said: That one is a hypocrite who does not love Allah and His Messenger. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not say that. Do you not see that he has said: There is no god but Allah, seeking thereby the Face of Allah the Exalted? Indeed Allah has forbidden the Fire for whoever says: There is no god but Allah, seeking thereby the Face of Allah." Agreed upon (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
حرم على النار: أي على سبيل الخلود المؤبد، فقد يعذب المؤمن على معاصيه إذا لم يعف عنه.
"Forbidden the Fire": that is, in the sense of eternal abiding therein; for the believer may be punished for his sins if he is not pardoned.
الدروس · lessons
النهي عن الغيبة الوارد في هذا الحديث للتحريم، ويكون النهي عن الغيبة، إمّا لمنع من يريد اغتياب المسلم، وذلك بزجره وردعه عنها، وإمّا برد ما قاله عليه. أنّ العمل الصالح لا ينفع منه إلّا ما أريد به وجه اللّه تعالى وأداء عبوديته والتقرب به إليه.
The prohibition of backbiting mentioned in this hadith is one of forbiddance; and forbidding backbiting is either by preventing the one who intends to backbite a Muslim, by restraining and deterring him from it, or by refuting what he has said against him. That a righteous deed benefits only insofar as the Face of Allah the Exalted is intended by it, fulfilling servitude to Him and seeking nearness to Him thereby.