عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللّهِ رَضِيَ اللّه عَنْهُما أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قَالَ: «إِنَّ مِنْ أَحَبِّكُمْ إِليَّ، وَأقْرَبِكمْ مِنِّي مَجْلِسًا يَوْمَ الْقِيامةِ، أَحَاسِنُكُمْ أَخْلاقًا، وَإِنَّ أَبْغَضَكُمْ إِليَّ، وَأَبْعَدَكُمْ مِنِّي يوْمَ الْقيَامَةِ، الثَّرْثَارُونَ، وَالمُتَشَدِّقُونَ وَالمُتَفَيْهِقُونَ» رواه الترمذي وقال: حديثٌ حسن.
Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Among those most beloved to me and nearest to me in assembly on the Day of Resurrection are those of you with the best character. And among those most hateful to me and furthest from me on the Day of Resurrection are the babblers, the pretentious talkers, and the pompous." Reported by al-Tirmidhi, who said: a hasan (good) hadith.
الشرح · explanation
الثرثارون: جمع ثرثار من الثرثرة وهي كثرة الكلام وترديده تكلفًا. المتشدقون: أي الذي يلوي الشدق للتفصح، وهو جانب الفم ومثله التقعر وهو أقصى الفم. المتفيهقون: أي الذي يملأ فمه بالكلام ويتوسع فيه.
"The babblers (al-thartharun)": plural of tharthar, from tharthara, meaning excessive talk and repeating it in an affected manner. "The pretentious talkers (al-mutashaddiqun)": those who twist the corner of the mouth (the shidq) to show off eloquence; similar to it is taqa''ur, [twisting] the far part of the mouth. "The pompous (al-mutafayhiqun)": those who fill their mouths with speech and expand upon it excessively.
الدروس · lessons
الحثّ على ترك التشدق والتفيهق في الكلام والإكثار منه دون جدوى، وظاهر الأحاديث تحريم ذلك، لأنّه سبب بغض اللّه تعالى وخذلانه والبعد عن رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم يوم القيامة. على المسلم أن يبقى على سجيته وطبيعته في الكلام من غير تقعر وتشدق وتظاهر بالفصاحة والمنطق والبلاغة متكلفًا ذلك، وإنّما ينبغي أن يوضح كلامه ويبينه ويستعمل المفهوم من الكلمات. من كمال خلق المسلم أن يتواضع في كلامه وحديثه.
A call to abandon pretentiousness and pomposity in speech and to leave off talking excessively to no purpose; the apparent meaning of the hadiths is that this is forbidden, for it is a cause of Allah's displeasure and forsaking, and of being distanced from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the Day of Resurrection. A Muslim should remain natural and unaffected in his speech, without over-refinement, pretentiousness, or a forced display of eloquence, logic, and rhetoric; rather he should make his speech clear and plain and use understandable words. Part of the perfection of a Muslim's character is that he be humble in his speech and conversation.