عنِ ابنِ عُمَرَ رضِي اللّه عنْهُما أَنَّ النَّبيَّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قَال: «يا معْشَرَ النِّساءِ تَصَدَّقْنَ، وأَكْثِرْنَ مِنَ الاسْتِغْفَارِ، فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُكُنَّ أَكْثَرَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ» قالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ: مالَنَا أَكْثَرَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ؟ قَالَ: «تُكْثِرْنَ اللَّعْنَ، وتَكْفُرْنَ العشِيرَ مَا رأَيْتُ مِنْ نَاقِصَاتِ عقْلٍ ودِينٍ أَغْلبَ لِذِي لُبٍّ مِنْكُنَّ» قَالَتْ: ما نُقْصانُ الْعقْل والدِّينِ ؟ قال: «شَهَادَةُ امرأَتَيْنِ بِشهَادةِ رجُلٍ، وتَمْكُثُ الأَيَّامَ لا تُصَلِّي» رواه مسلم.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O assembly of women, give in charity and increase in seeking forgiveness, for I have seen that you make up the majority of the inhabitants of the Fire." A woman among them said: Why is it that we are the majority of the inhabitants of the Fire? He said: "You curse frequently and are ungrateful to your husbands. I have not seen any who are more deficient in intellect and religion, yet more overpowering to a man of sound reason, than you." She said: What is the deficiency of intellect and religion? He said: "The testimony of two women equals the testimony of one man, and she remains for [several] days not praying." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
رأيتكن أكثر أهل النار: المراد أنّ اللّه تعالى أراهن له ليلة الإسراء، وقد روي من حديث ابن عباس: "أريت النار فرأيت أكثر أهلها النساء". تكفرن العشير: تجحدن حقّ الزوج. لذي لبّ: لصاحب عقل. شهادة امرأتين بشهادة رجل: لأنّ المرأة بعيدة عن المعاملات المالية مشغولة بسواها، وهي شديدة التأثر العاطفي، ولا شك أن قلة الخبرة والتجربة والتأثر الانفعالي هو سبب نقصان عقلها الذي أخبر عنه النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم. تمكث الأيام لا تصلّي: وفي رواية البخاري: "أليس إذا حاضت لم تصلّ ولم تصم؟ قلن بلى. قال: فذلك من نقصان دينها". ومن المعلوم في الإسلام أنّ المرأة تقضي الصوم ولا تقضي الصلاة.
"I have seen that you are the majority of the inhabitants of the Fire": what is meant is that Allah the Exalted showed them to him on the Night of the Ascension. It has been narrated in the hadith of Ibn Abbas: "I was shown the Fire, and I saw that most of its inhabitants were women." "You are ungrateful to your husbands": you deny the right of the husband. "To a man of sound reason": to one possessing intellect. "The testimony of two women equals the testimony of one man": because a woman is removed from financial dealings, occupied with other matters, and is intensely affected by emotion; and there is no doubt that the lack of experience and expertise and the emotional susceptibility are the cause of the deficiency in intellect of which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spoke. "She remains for [several] days not praying": In al-Bukhari's narration: "Is it not that when she menstruates she neither prays nor fasts? They said: Yes. He said: That is from the deficiency of her religion." And it is well known in Islam that a woman makes up the missed fasts but does not make up the prayers.
الدروس · lessons
حضّ النساء على الصدقة والإكثار من الاستغفار، لأنّ الصدقة والاستغفار يدفعان العذاب ويكفران الخطايا. عظة النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم للنساء يدل على اهتمام الإسلام بالمرأة. جحود النعم واستعمال الكلام القبيح كاللّعن والشتم حرام. العقل يقبل الزيادة والنقصان وكذلك الدين والإيمان.
Urging women toward charity and increasing in seeking forgiveness, because charity and seeking forgiveness repel punishment and expiate sins. The Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) admonition to women indicates Islam's concern for women. Denying favors and using foul speech, such as cursing and insulting, is forbidden. The intellect admits of increase and decrease, and likewise religion and faith.