عن أبي ذرٍّ رضي اللّه عنه: أنَّ ناسًا قالوا: يا رسُولَ اللّهِ، ذَهَبَ أهْلُ الدُّثُورِ بالأجُورِ، يُصَلُّونَ كَمَا نُصَلِّي، وَيَصُومُونَ كَمَا نَصُومُ، وَيَتَصَدَّقُونَ بِفُضُولِ أمْوَالهِمْ قال صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم: «أوَلَيْس قَدْ جَعَلَ اللّه لَكُمْ مَا تَصَدَّقُونَ بِهِ: إنَّ بِكُلِّ تَسْبِيحَةٍ صَدقَةً، وكُلِّ تَكبِيرةٍ صدقة، وكلِّ تَحْمِيدةٍ صدقةً، وكلِّ تَهْلِيلَةٍ صَدقَةً، وأمرٌ بالمعْرُوفِ صدقةٌ، ونَهْيٌ عنِ المُنْكرِ صدقةٌ وفي بُضْعِ أحدِكُمْ صدقةٌ» قالوا: يا رسولَ اللّهِ أَيَأتي أحدُنَا شَهْوَتَهُ، ويكُونُ لَه فيها أَجْرٌ؟! قال: «أَرَأَيْتُمْ لو وضَعهَا في حرامٍ أَكَانَ عليهِ وِزْرٌ؟ فكذلكَ إذا وضَعهَا في الحلاَلِ كانَ لَهُ أجْرٌ» رواه مسلم.
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that some people said: "O Messenger of Allah, the wealthy have taken all the rewards. They pray as we pray, they fast as we fast, and they give charity from their surplus wealth." He (peace be upon him) said: "Has Allah not given you that with which you can give charity? Indeed, every glorification of Allah (SubhanAllah) is a charity, every declaration of His greatness (Allahu Akbar) is a charity, every praise of Him (Alhamdulillah) is a charity, every declaration of His oneness (La ilaha illallah) is a charity, enjoining good is a charity, forbidding evil is a charity, and in the intimate relations of any one of you there is a charity." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, does one of us fulfill his desire and earn a reward for it?!" He said: "Consider — if he were to fulfill it in a forbidden way, would he bear a sin? Likewise, if he fulfills it in a lawful way, he earns a reward." Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
ناسًا: رجالًا من فقراء المهاجرين، قيل: منهم أبو ذر الغِفَاريّ وعمّار بن ياسر رضي الله عنهما. ذهب أهل الدثور بالأجور: حاز الأغنياء الثواب كله واختصوا به. الدُّثُور: الأموال. بِفُضُول: الزائد على الحاجة والكفاية. بُضْعِ: كِنَاية عن الجِماع، وهو معاشرة الرجل زوجته. شَهوَتَه: لَذَّتَه وما تشتاق إليه نفسه. وزر: إثم وعقاب.
"Some people" refers to men from among the poor Emigrants (Muhajirun); it is said that Abu Dharr al-Ghifari and Ammar ibn Yasir (may Allah be pleased with them both) were among them. "The wealthy have taken all the rewards" means the rich have monopolized and claimed exclusive right to all the rewards. "Duthur" means wealth and riches. "Surplus" means what exceeds their needs and sufficiency. "Intimate relations" (bud') is a euphemism for marital intercourse — a man's intimate relations with his wife. "Desire" (shahwah) refers to pleasure and what the soul yearns for. "Sin" (wizr) means transgression and punishment.
الدروس · lessons
كثرة وجوه أعمال الخير. تنافس الصحابة على فعل الخيرات، وحرصهم على نيل عظيم الأجر والفضل عند اللّه عزّ وجلّ، وأسفهم على النقص أو التقصير في ذلك. سعة مفهوم العبادة في الإسلام وأنّها تشمل كل عمل يقوم به المسلم بنيّة صالحة وقصد حسن، ولو كان من الأعمال العادية الفطرية المباحة. أن المسلم يُؤجر على ترك المعصية كما يُؤجر على فِعل الطاعة إذا كان بقصد الطاعة والامتثال.
The paths of goodness are numerous and varied. The Companions competed in doing good deeds and were eager to attain great reward and merit with Allah, the Almighty, and they grieved over any shortcoming or deficiency in that regard. The concept of worship in Islam is vast and encompasses every act a Muslim performs with a righteous intention and good purpose, even if it is from ordinary, natural, and permissible activities. A Muslim is rewarded for abstaining from sin just as he is rewarded for performing acts of obedience, provided his intention is to obey and comply with Allah's commands.