عن أَبِي هريرةَ رضي اللّه عنه قال: قال رسُولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «كُلُّ سُلامَى مِنَ النَّاسِ علَيْهِ صدَقةٌ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ تَطْلُعُ فيه الشَّمْسُ: تعدِلُ بيْن الاثْنَيْنِ صدَقَةٌ، وتُعِينُ الرَّجُلَ في دابَّتِهِ، فَتحْمِلُهُ عَلَيْهَا، أوْ ترْفَعُ لَهُ علَيْهَا متَاعَهُ صدقةٌ، والكلمةُ الطَّيِّبةُ صدَقةٌ، وبِكُلِّ خَطْوَةٍ تمْشِيها إلى الصَّلاةِ صدقَةٌ، وَتُميطُ الأذَى عَن الطرِيق صَدَقةٌ» متفق عليه. ورواه مسلم أيضاً من روايةِ عائشةَ رضيَ اللّه عنها قالت: قال رسُول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «إنَّهُ خُلِقَ كُلُّ إنْسانٍ مِنْ بني آدم علَى سِتِّينَ وثَلاثمِائَةِ مَفْصِلٍ، فَمنْ كَبَّر اللّه، وحَمِدَ اللّه، وَهَلَّلَ اللّه، وسبَّحَ اللّه واستَغْفَر اللّه، وعَزلَ حَجرًا عنْ طَرِيقِ النَّاسِ أوْ شَوْكَةً أوْ عظْمًا عن طَرِيقِ النَّاسِ، أوْ أَمر بمعرُوفٍ أوْ نهى عنْ مُنْكَرٍ، عَددَ السِّتِّينَ والثَّلاثِمِائة، فَإِنَّهُ يُمْسي يَوْمئِذٍ وَقَد زَحزَحَ نفْسَهُ عنِ النَّارِ».
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Every joint of a person must perform a charity each day the sun rises: to judge justly between two people is a charity; to help a man with his mount, lifting him onto it or hoisting his belongings onto it, is a charity; a good word is a charity; every step taken walking to prayer is a charity; and removing a harmful object from the road is a charity." Agreed upon (narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim). Muslim also narrated from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Every human being from the children of Adam was created with three hundred and sixty joints. Whoever declares the greatness of Allah, praises Allah, declares His oneness, glorifies Allah, seeks His forgiveness, removes a stone or a thorn or a bone from people's path, or enjoins good or forbids evil — equal to the number of those three hundred and sixty joints — he will reach the evening of that day having distanced himself from the Fire."
الشرح · explanation
كلُّ سُلامَى: كل مَفصِل. تعدِل: تفصِل بين متخاصمَين وتحكم بينهما بالعدل. متاعَه: ما ينتفع به من طعام ولباس... . الكلمة الطيِّبة: التي تَسُرُّ السامع وتُؤَلِّف القلوب. تُميط الأذى: تُزيل كل ما يُؤذي المارَّة. يومئذٍ: أي يومَه الذي فعل فيه من هذه الطاعات. زَحزحَ نفسه: أي نحَّاها وباعدها.
"Every joint" (sulama) means every joint of the body. "Judge justly" (ta'dil) means to settle a dispute between two people and judge between them with fairness. "Belongings" (mata') refers to what one benefits from, such as food, clothing, and the like. "A good word" refers to speech that pleases the listener and brings hearts together. "Remove harmful objects" means to clear away anything that harms passersby. "That day" means the day in which he performed these acts of obedience. "Distanced himself" (zahzaha nafsahu) means he moved himself far away from the Fire.
الدروس · lessons
هذا الحديث قاعدة من قواعد الدين الحنيف؛ إذ يبيـن أنّ الأعمال الصالحة لا تقتصر على الإنسان نفسه، بل كل عمل فيه نصح للناس فيه أجر. الحثّ على الإصلاح بين الناس بالعدل ومعاملتهم بالأخلاق الكريمة. فضل المحافظة على صلاة الجماعة في المسجد. أن هذه الأعمال لها من الأجر والثواب ما يساوي أجر الصدقة لمن عجز عنها ومثلها لمن جمع بينها وهو قادر عليها. التقرب إلى اللّه تعالى بأنواع الطاعات ومختلف المبرّات مع الشكر على نِعمه. للبدن زكاة، كما أنّ للمال زكاة.
This hadith is one of the foundational principles of the true religion, as it demonstrates that righteous deeds are not limited to those that benefit oneself; rather, every act that brings good to people carries a reward. Encouragement to reconcile between people with justice and to treat them with noble character. The merit of maintaining the congregational prayer in the mosque. These acts carry a reward equivalent to that of charity for one who is unable to give charity, and they provide an additional reward for one who combines them with charity while being capable of giving it. Drawing near to Allah, the Most High, through various acts of obedience and diverse good deeds, while being grateful for His blessings. The body has its form of zakat, just as wealth has its zakat.