عن جابرٍ رضي اللّه عنه، قال: كان رسولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم إِذَا خَطَب احْمرَّتْ عيْنَاهُ، وعَلا صوْتُهُ، وَاشْتَدَّ غَضَبُهُ، حتَّى كَأَنَّهُ مُنْذِرُ جَيْشٍ يَقُولُ: «صَبَّحَكُمْ ومَسَّاكُمْ» وَيقُولُ: «بُعِثْتُ أَنَا والسَّاعةُ كَهَاتَيْن» وَيَقْرنُ بين أُصْبُعَيْهِ، السّبَّابَةِ، وَالْوُسْطَى، وَيَقُولُ: «أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ خَيرَ الْحَديث كِتَابُ اللّه، وخَيْرَ الْهَدْي هَدْيُ مُحمَّد صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، وَشَرَّ الأُمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا وكُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلالَةٌ» ثُمَّ يقُولُ: «أَنَا أَوْلَى بُكُلِّ مُؤْمِن مِنْ نَفْسِهِ، مَنْ تَرَك مَالًا فَلأهْلِهِ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضَيَاعًا فَإِلَيَّ وعَلَيَّ» رواه مسلم.
On the authority of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon, his eyes would redden, his voice would rise, and his intensity would increase, as though he were warning of an approaching army, saying: 'It will come upon you in the morning or the evening!' And he would say: 'I have been sent and the Hour are like these two,' and he would join his index and middle fingers together. And he would say: 'To proceed: Indeed, the best speech is the Book of Allah, and the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad (peace be upon him). The worst of matters are newly invented ones, and every innovation is misguidance.' Then he would say: 'I am closer to every believer than his own self. Whoever leaves behind wealth, it is for his family. And whoever leaves behind a debt or dependents, then it is my responsibility.' Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
صبَّحكم ومسَّاكم: أي داهمكم العدو مغيرًا عليكم في الصباح أو في المساء. أنا والساعة كهاتين: كناية عن قرب يوم القيامة. محدثاتها: أي ما استجد منها ممّا لم يكن معروفًا في كتاب أو سنّة أو إجماع ولا أصل له فيها. أنا أولى: أي أنا أحقّ. ضياعًا: أطفالًا وعيالًا لا يجدون من يعولهم.
It will come upon you in the morning or the evening (sabbahakum wa massakum): Meaning the enemy has attacked you by raid in the morning or the evening. I and the Hour are like these two: A metaphor for the closeness of the Day of Judgment. Newly invented matters (muhdathatuha): That which has been newly introduced and was not known in the Quran, sunnah, or scholarly consensus, nor has any basis therein. I am closer (ana awla): Meaning I have more right. Dependents (daya'an): Children and family members who have no one to provide for them.
الدروس · lessons
أنّ خير ما يشتغل به المرء فهمًا وتعلُّمًا كتاب اللّه تعالى وسنّة رسوله صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم. محاربة البدع التي تخالف الدِّين ولا تدخل تحت أصل من أصوله. وجوب كفالة الأيتام والعجزة من بيت مال المسلمين، فالحاكم يقوم برعايتهم مقام رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلم. الإشارة إلى مشروعية الإرث.
The best thing a person can occupy himself with in understanding and learning is the Book of Allah the Most High and the sunnah of His Messenger (peace be upon him). Combating innovations that contradict the religion and have no basis in its foundational principles. The obligation to provide for orphans and the incapacitated from the public treasury of the Muslims; the ruler fulfills this role in place of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). A reference to the legitimacy of inheritance.