عَنْ أَبي عَمروٍ جَرير بنِ عبدِ اللّه، رضي اللّه عنه قال: كُنَّا في صَدْر النَّهارِ عِنْد رسولِ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فَجاءهُ قوْمٌ عُرَاةٌ مُجْتابي النِّمار أَو الْعَباء مُتَقلِّدي السُّيوفِ، عامَّتُهمْ مِنْ مُضَرَ، بل كلهم من مُضَر فَتمعَّر وجهُ رسولِ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، لِمَا رَأَى بِهِمْ مِنْ الْفَاقة، فدخلَ ثُمَّ خرج، فَأَمر بلالًا فَأَذَّن وأَقَامَ، فَصلَّى ثُمَّ خَطبَ، فَقالَ: {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الذي خلقكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدةٍ} إِلَى آخِرِ الآية: {إِنَّ اللّه كَانَ عَليْكُمْ رَقِيبًا}، وَالآيةُ الأُخْرَى الَّتِي في آخر الْحشْرِ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمنُوا اتَّقُوا اللّه ولْتَنظُرْ نَفْسٌ مَّا قَدَّمتْ لِغَدٍ} تَصدَّقَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ دِينَارِهِ مِنْ دِرْهَمِهِ مِنْ ثَوْبِهِ مِنْ صَاع بُرِّه مِنْ صَاعِ تَمرِه حَتَّى قَالَ: وَلوْ بِشقِّ تَمْرَةٍ» فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الأَنْصَارِ بِصُرَّةٍ كادتْ كَفُّهُ تَعجِزُ عَنْهَا، بَلْ قَدْ عَجزتْ، ثُمَّ تَتابَعَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ كَوْمَيْنِ مِنْ طَعامٍ وَثيابٍ، حتَّى رَأَيْتُ وجْهَ رسولِ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، يَتهلَّلُ كَأَنَّهُ مُذْهَبَةٌ، فقال رسولُ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «مَنْ سَنَّ في الإِسْلام سُنةً حَسنةً فَلَهُ أَجْرُهَا، وأَجْرُ منْ عَملَ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ ينْقُصَ مِنْ أُجُورهِمْ شَيءٌ، ومَنْ سَنَّ في الإِسْلامِ سُنَّةً سيِّئةً كَانَ عَليه وِزْرها وَوِزرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ بعْده مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ أَوْزارهمْ شَيْءٌ» رواه مسلم.
On the authority of Abu Amr, Jarir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) at the beginning of the day when a group of people came to him who were half-naked, wearing only striped woolen garments or cloaks, with swords hung around their necks. Most of them — rather all of them — were from the tribe of Mudar. The face of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) changed when he saw their state of poverty. He went inside and then came out. He ordered Bilal to call the adhan and the iqamah, and he prayed. Then he addressed the people and said: {O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from a single soul} — to the end of the verse — {Indeed, Allah is ever a Watcher over you} [al-Nisa: 1], and the other verse at the end of Surah al-Hashr: {O you who believe, fear Allah, and let every soul look to what it has put forth for tomorrow} [al-Hashr: 18]. 'Let a man give from his dinars, from his dirhams, from his clothing, from a sa' of his wheat, from a sa' of his dates — even if it be half a date.' Then a man from the Ansar came with a pouch that his hand could barely hold — indeed, it could not hold it. Then people followed one after another until I saw two mounds of food and clothing. And I saw the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) beaming as if it were gilded. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then said: 'Whoever introduces a good practice in Islam shall have its reward and the reward of all who act upon it after him, without any decrease in their rewards. And whoever introduces an evil practice in Islam shall bear its burden and the burden of all who act upon it after him, without any decrease in their burdens.' Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
صدر النهار: أول النهار. عراة: جمع عار، وهو المتجرّد من الثياب، والمراد هنا من يلبس ثيابًا بالية. متقلدي السيوف: واضعي سيوفهم في أعناقهم كالقلادة. مضر: قبيلة من أكبر قبائل العرب. مجتابي النّمار: أي لابسيها. النّمار: لباس مخطط من مآزر الأعراب. ما قدّمت لغد: ما أعدَّت من خير ليوم القيامة. تصدَّقَ: خبر بمعنى الأمر، أي ليتصدّق، وأُتي به بصيغة الماضي لكونه أبلغ. صاع: مكيال لأهل المدينة. بُرِّه: البر هو القمح. الصرّة: ما يوضع فيه الشيء ويربط عليه. يتهلل: يستنير ويضيء. سنّة: طريقة. وزرها: الوزر الحمل الثقيل والمقصود به هنا الإثم.
Beginning of the day (sadr al-nahar): The early part of the day. Half-naked ('urah): Plural of 'arin, meaning one stripped of clothing; here it refers to those wearing worn-out garments. Swords hung around their necks (mutaqallidi al-suyuf): Having placed their swords around their necks like necklaces. Mudar: One of the largest Arab tribes. Wearing striped woolen garments (mujtabi al-nimar): Wearing them as garments. Striped woolen garments (al-nimar): Striped garments from the wraps of the Bedouins. What it has put forth for tomorrow: What it has prepared of good for the Day of Resurrection. Let him give (tasaddaqa): An imperative in the form of a past tense verb, meaning 'let him give in charity'; expressed in the past tense for greater emphasis. Sa': A unit of measurement used by the people of Madinah. Wheat (burr): Wheat grain. Pouch (surrah): A bundle in which something is placed and tied. Beaming (yatahallal): Shining and illuminating. Practice (sunnah): A way or path. Burden (wizr): A heavy load; what is meant here is sin.
الدروس · lessons
من واجب أصحاب اليسار أن يتفقدوا أصحاب الحاجة، ويبادروا إلى دفع الضرر عنهم. إشفاق الرسول صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم وتألمه على الفقراء والمحتاجين، وسعيه لجلب النفع لهم ومساعدتهم. سرور النّبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم لسرور الفقراء. حسن توجيه النّبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم وحكمته في توثيق الأخوّة والمحبّة بين المسلمين، ولفت النظر إلى ضرورة التعاون. أثر الإيمان باللّه تعالى واليوم الآخر في سلوك المسلم والمبادرة إلى فعل الخير. الحثّ على الصدقة والإنفاق ولو كان بشيء يسير، فإن الكثير يكون من القليل. سرعة استجابة المسلمين لهديّ الرسول صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم، وتسابقهم إلى فعل الخيرات. الحضّ على أن يكون المسلم قدوة صالحة في الخير والبرّ والإحسان، والتحذير من أن يكون قدوة سيّئة في الباطل والمنكر. من سعى في خير كان له مثل أجر فاعله، ومن سعى في شرّ كان عليه مثل إثم مرتكبه.
It is the duty of the affluent to check on the needy and hasten to alleviate their hardship. The compassion and concern of the Messenger (peace be upon him) for the poor and destitute, and his striving to bring benefit to them and assist them. The joy of the Prophet (peace be upon him) at the relief of the poor. The excellent guidance and wisdom of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in strengthening brotherhood and love among Muslims, and drawing attention to the necessity of mutual cooperation. The effect of belief in Allah the Most High and the Last Day on a Muslim's conduct and his initiative in doing good. The encouragement to give charity and spend, even if it be something small, for the large grows from the small. The swiftness of the Muslims' response to the guidance of the Messenger (peace be upon him), and their racing toward good deeds. The exhortation that a Muslim should be a good example in goodness, righteousness, and benevolence, and the warning against being a bad example in falsehood and evil. Whoever strives for good shall have a reward like that of its doer, and whoever strives for evil shall bear a burden like that of its perpetrator.