عن ابنِ مسْعُودٍ رضي اللّه عنه أَنَّ رسولَ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال: «مَا مِنَ نَبِيٍّ بعَثَهُ اللّه في أُمَّةٍ قَبْلِي إِلَّا كان لَه مِن أُمَّتِهِ حواريُّون وأَصْحَابٌ يَأْخذون بِسُنَّتِهِ ويقْتدُون بأَمْرِه، ثُمَّ إِنَّها تَخْلُفُ مِنْ بعْدِهمْ خُلُوفٌ يقُولُون مَا لَا يفْعلُونَ، ويفْعَلُون مَا لَا يُؤْمَرون، فَمَنْ جاهدهُم بِيَدهِ فَهُو مُؤْمِنٌ، وَمَنْ جاهدهم بقَلْبِهِ فَهُو مُؤْمِنٌ، ومَنْ جَاهَدهُمْ بِلِسانِهِ فَهُو مُؤْمِنٌ، وليس وراءَ ذلِك مِن الإِيمانِ حبَّةُ خرْدلٍ» رواه مسلم.
On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 'There was no prophet whom Allah sent to any nation before me except that he had, from among his nation, disciples and companions who adhered to his sunnah and followed his command. Then after them came successors who said what they did not practice and did what they were not commanded. Whoever strives against them with his hand is a believer, whoever strives against them with his heart is a believer, and whoever strives against them with his tongue is a believer. Beyond that there is not even a mustard seed's weight of faith.' Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
حواريّون: جمع حواريّ وهو الذي له خصوصية من الأصحاب، وقيل: هو الصاحب المناصر المخلص. خُلُوف: جمع خَلْف بفتح الخاء وسكون اللّام وهو من يخلفك بِشرٍّ، وهو المقصود في الحديث، وأما خَلَف، بفتح اللّام فهو من يخلفك بخير. خردل: الخردل حبّ صغير، والمراد بذكره هنا التعبير عن شدة الصِغَر.
Disciples (hawariyyun): Plural of hawari, meaning one who has a special status among the companions. It is also said: the devoted, supportive, and sincere companion. Successors (khuluf): Plural of khalf — with a fathah on the kha and a sukun on the lam — meaning one who succeeds with evil. This is the meaning intended in the hadith. As for khalaf — with a fathah on the lam — it means one who succeeds with good. Mustard seed (khardal): A small seed; its mention here is to express extreme smallness.
الدروس · lessons
الحثّ على مجاهدة المخالفين للشرع بأقوالهم وأفعالهم. كراهية المنكر وردُّه بما أمكن دليل قوة الإيمان، والسكوت عن المنكر دليل ضعف الإيمان. كل إنسان مسؤول عن إزالة المنكر بحسب طاقته.
The exhortation to strive against those who oppose the Sacred Law in their words and deeds. Abhorrence of evil and opposing it by whatever means possible is a sign of strong faith, while remaining silent about evil is a sign of weak faith. Every person is responsible for removing evil according to his capacity.