عَنْ أُمِّ المُؤْمِنِينَ أُمِّ سَلَمَة هِنْدٍ بنتِ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ حُذيْفَةَ رضي اللّه عنها، عن النبيّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم أنّه قال: «إِنَّهُ يُسْتَعْملُ عَليْكُمْ أُمَراءُ فَتَعْرِفُونَ وتنُكِرُونَ فَمَنْ كَرِه فقَدْ بَرِىءَ وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ فَقَدْ سَلِمَ، وَلَكِنْ منْ رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ» قالوا: يا رَسُولَ اللّه أَلا نُقَاتِلُهُمْ؟ قَالَ: «لا، مَا أَقَامُوا فِيكُم الصَّلاة» رواه مسلم.
On the authority of the Mother of the Believers, Umm Salamah Hind bint Abi Umayyah Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with her), from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 'Rulers will be appointed over you — you will approve of some of their actions and disapprove of others. Whoever detests their evil has freed himself of blame, and whoever speaks against it is safe. But whoever is pleased with it and follows along...' They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, shall we not fight them?' He said: 'No, so long as they establish the prayer among you.' Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
فتعرفون: أي تعرفون صحة بعض أعمالهم لموافقتها للشرع. تنكرون: أي لا تقبلون بعض أعمالهم لمخالفتها للشرع. والمعنى: مَنْ كَرِهَ بِقَلْبِهِ ولَمْ يَسْتطِعْ إنْكَارًا بِيَده وَلا لِسَانه فَقَدْ بَرِئَ مِنَ الإِثمِ وَأَدَّى وَظِيفَتَهُ، ومَنْ أَنْكَرَ بَحَسَبِ طَاقَتِهِ فَقَدْ سَلِمَ مِنْ هَذِهِ المعصيةِ، وَمَنْ رَضِيَ بِفِعْلِهمْ وتابعهم، فَهُوَ العَاصي.
You will approve (ta'rifuna): You will recognize the correctness of some of their actions because they conform to the Sacred Law. You will disapprove (tunkiruna): You will not accept some of their actions because they contradict the Sacred Law. The meaning is: Whoever detests with his heart and is unable to denounce with his hand or his tongue has freed himself of sin and has fulfilled his duty. Whoever speaks against it according to his capacity is safe from this sin. But whoever is pleased with their actions and follows them is the sinner.
الدروس · lessons
من معجزات النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم إخباره عمّا سيقع من المغيبات. من عجز عن إزالة المنكر لا يأثم بمجرَّد السكوت، بل يأثم بالرضى به، أو بعدم كرهه بقلبه، أو بالمتابعة عليه. الصلاة عنوان الإسلام والفارق بين الكفر والإسلام. التحذير من تهييج الفتن واختلاف الكلمة واعتبار ذلك أشد نكارة من احتمال منكر الحكام العصاة والصبر على أذاهم.
Among the miracles of the Prophet (peace be upon him) is his foretelling of future unseen events. Whoever is unable to remove an evil does not sin merely by remaining silent; rather, he sins by being pleased with it, or by not detesting it in his heart, or by going along with it. Prayer is the hallmark of Islam and the distinguishing line between disbelief and Islam. The warning against stirring up strife and division, considering that to be a greater evil than bearing the wrongs of sinful rulers and being patient with their harm.