عَنْ صُهَيْبٍ رضي اللّه عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم قَالَ: «كَانَ مَلِكٌ فيِمَنْ كَانَ قبْلَكُمْ، وَكَانَ لَهُ سَاحِرٌ، فَلَمَّا كَبِرَ قَالَ لِلْمَلِك: إِنِّي قَدْ كَبِرْتُ فَابعَثْ إِلَيَّ غُلاَمًا أُعَلِّمْهُ السِّحْرَ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ غُلاَمًا يعَلِّمُهُ، وَكَانَ في طَريقِهِ إِذَا سَلَكَ رَاهِبٌ، فَقَعَدَ إِلَيْهِ وَسَمِعَ كَلامَهُ فأَعْجَبَهُ، وَكَانَ إِذَا أَتَى السَّاحِرَ مَرَّ بالرَّاهِبِ وَقَعَدَ إِلَيْه، فَإِذَا أَتَى السَّاحِرَ ضَرَبَهُ، فَشَكَا ذَلِكَ إِلَى الرَّاهِبِ فَقَالَ: إِذَا خَشِيتَ السَّاحِرَ فَقُلْ: حبَسَنِي أَهْلي، وَإِذَا خَشِيتَ أَهْلَكَ فَقُلْ: حَبَسَنِي السَّاحرُ. فَبيْنَمَا هُو عَلَى ذَلِكَ إذْ أتَى عَلَى دابَّةٍ عظِيمَةٍ قدْ حَبَسَتِ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ: اليوْمَ أعْلَمُ السَّاحِرُ أفْضَلُ أمِ الرَّاهبُ أفْضلُ؟ فأخَذَ حجَرًا فقالَ: اللهُمَّ إنْ كَانَ أمْرُ الرَّاهبِ أحَبَّ إلَيْكَ مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّاحِرِ فاقتُلْ هَذِهِ الدَّابَّةَ حتَّى يمْضِيَ النَّاسُ، فرَماها فقتَلَها ومَضى النَّاسُ، فأتَى الرَّاهبَ فأخبَرَهُ. فَقَالَ لهُ الرَّاهبُ: أيْ بُنيَّ أَنْتَ اليوْمَ أفْضلُ منِّي، قدْ بلَغَ مِنْ أمْرِكَ مَا أَرَى، وإِنَّكَ ستُبْتَلَى، فإنِ ابْتُليتَ فَلا تدُلَّ عليَّ، وكانَ الغُلامُ يُبْرئُ الأكْمهَ والأبرصَ، ويُدَاوي النَّاسَ مِنْ سائِرِ الأدوَاءِ. فَسَمعَ جلِيسٌ للملِكِ كانَ قدْ عمِيَ، فأتَاهُ بهدايا كثيرَةٍ فقال: ما هاهُنَا لَكَ أجْمَعُ إنْ أنْتَ شفَيْتَني، فَقَالَ إنِّي لا أشفِي أحَدًا، إِنَّمَا يشْفِي اللّهُ تعَالى، فإنْ آمنْتَ بِاللّهِ تعَالَى دعوْتُ اللّهَ فشَفاكَ، فآمَنَ باللّهِ تعَالى فشفَاهُ اللّهُ تَعَالَى، فأتَى المَلِكَ فجَلَسَ إليْهِ كَما كانَ يجْلِسُ فقالَ لَهُ المَلكُ: منْ ردَّ علَيْك بصَرَك؟ قَالَ: ربِّي. قَالَ: أوَلكَ ربٌّ غَيْرِي؟ قَالَ: رَبِّي وربُّكَ اللّهُ، فأَخَذَهُ فلَمْ يزلْ يُعذِّبُهُ حتَّى دلَّ عَلَى الغُلاَمِ فجيءَ بِالغُلامِ، فَقَالَ لهُ المَلكُ: أيْ بُنَيَّ قدْ بَلَغَ منْ سِحْرِك مَا تُبْرِئُ الأكمَهَ والأبرَصَ وتَفْعَلُ وَتفْعَلُ فقالَ: إِنَّي لا أشْفي أَحَدًا، إنَّما يشْفي اللّهُ تَعَالَى، فأخَذَهُ فَلَمْ يزَلْ يعذِّبُهُ حتَّى دلَّ عَلَى الرَّاهبِ، فجِيء بالرَّاهِبِ فَقيلَ لَهُ: ارجِعْ عنْ دِينِكَ، فأبَى، فدَعا بالمنْشَارِ فوُضِعَ المنْشَارُ في مَفْرِقِ رَأْسِهِ، فشقَّهُ حتّى وقَعَ شِقَّاهُ، ثُمَّ جيءَ بجَلِيسِ المَلكِ فقِيلَ لَهُ: ارجِعْ عنْ دينِكَ فأبَى، فوُضِعَ المنْشَارُ في مَفْرِقِ رَأسِهِ، فشقَّهُ به حتَّى وقَع شِقَّاهُ، ثُمَّ جيء بالغُلامِ فقِيل لَهُ: ارجِعْ عنْ دينِكَ، فأبَى، فدَفعَهُ إِلَى نَفَرٍ منْ أصْحابِهِ فَقَالَ: اذهبُوا بِهِ إِلَى جبَلِ كَذَا وكذَا فاصعدُوا بِهِ الجبلَ، فإذَا بلغتُمْ ذِرْوَتَهُ فإنْ رجعَ عنْ دينِهِ وإِلَّا فاطرَحوهُ، فذهبُوا بِهِ فصعِدُوا بهِ الجَبَلَ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اكفنِيهمْ بمَا شئْتَ، فرجَفَ بِهمُ الجَبَلُ فسَقطُوا، وجَاءَ يمْشي إِلَى المَلِكِ، فقالَ لَهُ المَلكُ: مَا فُعِلَ بأَصحَابِكَ؟ فقالَ: كفانيهِمُ اللّهُ تعالَى، فدفعَهُ إِلَى نَفرٍ منْ أصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ: اذهبُوا بِهِ فاحملُوه في قُرقُورٍ وَتَوسَّطُوا بِهِ البحْرَ، فإنْ رَجَعَ عنْ دينِهِ وإلَّا فَاقْذفُوهُ، فذَهبُوا بِهِ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اكفنِيهمْ بمَا شِئْتَ، فانكَفَأَتْ بِهِمُ السَّفينةُ فغرِقوا، وجَاءَ يمْشِي إِلَى المَلِك. فقالَ لَهُ الملِكُ: مَا فُعِلَ بأَصحَابِكَ؟ فَقَالَ: كفانِيهمُ اللّهُ تعالَى، فقالَ للمَلِكِ إنَّك لسْتَ بقَاتِلِي حتَّى تفْعلَ مَا آمُرُكَ بِهِ. قَالَ: مَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ: تجْمَعُ النَّاسَ في صَعيدٍ واحدٍ، وتصلُبُني عَلَى جِذْعٍ، ثُمَّ خُذ سهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانتِي، ثُمَّ ضعِ السَّهْمَ في كَبِدِ القَوْسِ ثُمَّ قُلْ: بسْمِ اللّهِ ربِّ الغُلاَمِ ثُمَّ ارمِنِي، فإنَّكَ إذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ قَتَلْتَنِي. فجَمَع النَّاسَ في صَعيدٍ واحِدٍ، وصلَبَهُ عَلَى جذْعٍ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ سهْمًا منْ كِنَانَتِهِ، ثُمَّ وضَعَ السَّهمَ في كبِدِ القَوْسِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِسْم اللّهِ رَبِّ الغُلامِ، ثُمَّ رمَاهُ فَوقَعَ السَّهمُ في صُدْغِهِ، فَوضَعَ يدَهُ في صُدْغِهِ فمَاتَ. فقَالَ النَّاسُ: آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الغُلاَمِ، فَأُتِيَ المَلكُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَرَأَيْتَ مَا كُنْتَ تحْذَرُ، قَدْ وَاللّهِ نَزَلَ بِكَ حَذرُكَ. قدْ آمنَ النَّاسُ. فأَمَرَ بِالأُخدُودِ بأفْوَاهِ السِّككِ فخُدَّتْ وَأُضْرِمَ فِيها النيرانُ وقالَ: مَنْ لَمْ يرْجِعْ عنْ دينِهِ فأقْحِمُوهُ فِيهَا أوْ قيلَ لَهُ: اقْتَحِمْ، ففعَلُوا حتَّى جَاءتِ امرَأَةٌ ومعَهَا صَبِيٌّ لهَا، فَتقَاعَسَتْ أنْ تَقعَ فِيهَا، فَقَالَ لَهَا الغُلاَمُ: يَا أمَّاهُ اصبِرِي فَإِنَّكِ عَلَى الحَقِّ» روَاهُ مُسْلِم.
On the authority of Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "There was a king among those who came before you, and he had a sorcerer. When the sorcerer grew old, he said to the king: 'I have grown old, so send me a boy that I may teach him sorcery.' So he sent him a boy to teach. On his way to the sorcerer, there was a monk. The boy sat with him and listened to his words and was impressed by them. Whenever he came to the sorcerer, he would pass by the monk and sit with him. When he reached the sorcerer, the sorcerer would beat him. He complained about this to the monk, who said: 'If you fear the sorcerer, say: My family detained me. And if you fear your family, say: The sorcerer detained me.' While he was in this state, he came upon a huge beast that had blocked the people's path. He said: 'Today I shall know whether the sorcerer is superior or the monk.' He picked up a stone and said: 'O Allah, if the way of the monk is more beloved to You than the way of the sorcerer, then kill this beast so that the people may pass.' He threw the stone and killed it, and the people passed. He went to the monk and told him what happened. The monk said: 'My son, today you are superior to me. Your affair has reached the level I can see, and you will be tested. If you are tested, do not reveal my whereabouts.' The boy began curing the blind and the leper, and treating people from all ailments. A courtier of the king who had become blind heard of him. He came to the boy with many gifts and said: 'All of this is yours if you cure me.' The boy said: 'I do not cure anyone; it is only Allah the Most High who cures. If you believe in Allah the Most High, I will supplicate to Allah and He will cure you.' So the courtier believed in Allah the Most High, and Allah the Most High cured him. The courtier then went to the king and sat beside him as he used to. The king asked: 'Who restored your sight?' He said: 'My Lord.' The king said: 'Do you have a lord other than me?' He said: 'My Lord and your Lord is Allah.' The king seized him and tortured him until he revealed the boy. The boy was brought, and the king said: 'My son, your sorcery has reached the point where you cure the blind and the leper and do such and such.' The boy said: 'I do not cure anyone; it is only Allah the Most High who cures.' The king seized him and tortured him until he revealed the monk. The monk was brought and told: 'Renounce your religion.' He refused. A saw was brought and placed on the parting of his hair, and he was split in two until both halves fell. Then the courtier was brought and told: 'Renounce your religion.' He refused, and the saw was placed on the parting of his hair and he was split in two. Then the boy was brought and told: 'Renounce your religion.' He refused. The king handed him over to a group of his men and said: 'Take him to such-and-such mountain and climb with him to its peak. If he renounces his religion, let him go; otherwise, throw him off.' They took him and climbed the mountain with him. He said: 'O Allah, protect me from them by whatever means You will.' The mountain shook with them and they fell, and the boy came walking back to the king. The king said: 'What happened to your companions?' He said: 'Allah the Most High sufficed me against them.' The king then handed him over to another group of his men and said: 'Take him, put him in a large boat, and go out to the middle of the sea. If he renounces his religion, let him go; otherwise, throw him in.' They took him out, and he said: 'O Allah, protect me from them by whatever means You will.' The boat capsized and they drowned, and the boy came walking back to the king. The king said: 'What happened to your companions?' He said: 'Allah the Most High sufficed me against them.' Then he said to the king: 'You will not be able to kill me until you do what I command you.' The king said: 'What is that?' The boy said: 'Gather the people in an open area, crucify me on a tree trunk, then take an arrow from my quiver, place it in the middle of the bow, and say: In the name of Allah, the Lord of the boy. Then shoot me. If you do that, you will kill me.' So the king gathered the people in an open area, crucified the boy on a tree trunk, took an arrow from his quiver, placed it in the middle of the bow, and said: 'In the name of Allah, the Lord of the boy.' He then shot him, and the arrow struck him in his temple. The boy placed his hand on his temple and died. The people cried out: 'We believe in the Lord of the boy!' The king was told: 'Do you see what you feared? By Allah, what you feared has come upon you. The people have believed!' The king then ordered trenches to be dug at the entrances of the roads. They were dug and fires were lit in them. He said: 'Whoever does not renounce his religion, throw him in -- or he was told to jump in.' They did so, until a woman came with her infant child. She hesitated to fall in, and the child said to her: 'O mother, be patient, for you are upon the truth!'" Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
راهب: هو المتعبِّد من النصارى. حبسني: أي منعني أهلي. دابّة عظيمة: قيل إن تلك الدابّة كانت أسدًا وقيل غير ذلك. الأكْمَهُ: الذي وُلد أعمى. الأدواء: جمع داء، أي الأمراض والأسقام. في مَفْرِق رأسه: أي في منتصف رأسه مكان فرق شعره. فرجف: أي تحرك الجبل واضطرب بهم. كبد القوس: أي وسطها، أو مقبضها عند الرمي. في صُدْغِه: هو ما بين العين إلى شحمة الأذن. أفواه السكك: أبواب ومداخل الطرق. فخُدَّت: أي شُقَّتِ الأخاديد. فأقحِموه: أي ألْقوه كرهًا.
"A monk" (rahib): a devout worshipper among the Christians. "My family detained me" (habasani): meaning my family held me back. "A huge beast" (dabbah 'adhimah): it has been said that this beast was a lion, and other opinions exist. "The blind from birth" (al-akmah): one who was born blind. "Ailments" (al-adwa'): plural of da', meaning diseases and illnesses. "The parting of his hair" (mafriq ra'sihi): meaning the center of his head where the hair is parted. "The mountain shook" (fa rajafa): meaning the mountain moved and trembled violently with them. "The middle of the bow" (kabid al-qaws): meaning its center, or its grip when shooting. "His temple" (sudghihi): the area between the eye and the earlobe. "The entrances of the roads" (afwah as-sikak): the gates and openings of the roads. "Were dug" (fa khuddat): meaning the trenches were excavated. "Throw him in" (fa aqhimuhu): meaning cast him in forcibly.
الدروس · lessons
إثبات كرامة الأولياء جواز الكذب في الحرب ونحوها، وفي إنقاذ من الهلاك. المُؤمن يُمتحُن في صدق إيمانه والثبات على قول الحقّ، وإن أدى ذلك إلى إزهاق نفْسِه، فهو من التضحية في سبيل الدعوة إلى اللّه تعالى وإظهار الحقّ. إنّ اللّه تعالى يُظهر الحقّ ويَنصر أهله، ويهزم الباطل وحزبه. في الحديث إشارة إلى أنّه يجوز أن يضحي الإنسان بنفسه إذا كان في ذلك مصلحة دينية عامة. في هذه القصة إثباتٌ لإعجاز القرآن، لأنّ فيها إخبارًا عن المغيَّبات التي نسيها التاريخ؛ وهو الإخبار عن أصحاب الأخدود الذين قال اللّه تعالى فيهم: {قُتِلَ أَصْحَابُ الأْخْدُود النارِ ذاتِ الوَقُود} استعمال المربي القِصص في التوجيه، لأنّ فيها تأثيرًا قد لا يكون في الموعظة المباشرة. على المسلم أن يختار طُرقَ الهداية والحقّ ويصبر على ذلك، وأن يُعرض عن طرقِ الغَيّ والضلال، وأن يضحّي في سبيل ذلك بكل ما عنده من طاقة وجهد أُسْوة بهذا الفتى الداعية.
This is an affirmation of the miracles (karamah) of the saints of Allah. It is permissible to use deception in war and similar situations, and to save someone from destruction. A believer is tested in the sincerity of his faith and steadfastness upon the truth, even if it leads to the sacrifice of his life. This is among the greatest sacrifices in the path of calling to Allah the Most High and manifesting the truth. Allah the Most High brings forth the truth and supports its people, and defeats falsehood and its party. This hadith contains an indication that it may be permissible for a person to sacrifice himself if doing so serves a general religious benefit. In this story there is an affirmation of the miraculous nature of the Quran, for it contains information about events of the unseen past that history had forgotten -- namely the account of the People of the Trench, about whom Allah the Most High said: 'Destroyed were the People of the Trench, the fire full of fuel' [al-Buruj: 4-5]. The educator's use of stories in guidance, because they have an impact that direct admonition may not achieve. A Muslim should choose the paths of guidance and truth, persevere upon them, turn away from the paths of misguidance and error, and sacrifice all his energy and effort in that pursuit, following the example of this young caller to the faith.