عن ابن مَسعُودٍ رضي اللّهُ عنه قال: لمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ حُنَيْنٍ آثرَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم نَاسًا في الْقِسْمَةِ، فأَعْطَى الأَقْرعَ بْنَ حابِسٍ مائةً مِنَ الإِبِلِ وأَعْطَى عُييْنَةَ بْنَ حِصْنٍ مِثْلَ ذلِكَ، وأَعطى نَاسًا منْ أشرافِ الْعربِ وآثَرَهُمْ يوْمئِذٍ في الْقِسْمَةِ. فَقَالَ رجُلٌ: واللّهِ إنَّ هذِهِ قِسْمةٌ ما عُدِلَ فِيها، وما أُريد فِيهَا وَجهُ اللّه، فَقُلْتُ: واللّهِ لأُخْبِرَنَّ رَسُولَ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، فأتيتُهُ فَأخبرتُه بِما قال، فتغَيَّر وَجْهُهُ حتَّى كَانَ كَالصِّرْفِ. ثُمَّ قال: «فَمنْ يَعْدِلُ إِذَا لَمْ يعدِلِ اللّهُ ورسُولُهُ؟» ثم قال: «يرحَمُ اللّهُ موسى قَدْ أُوْذِيَ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ هذَا فَصبرَ». فَقُلْتُ: لا جرمَ لا أَرْفعُ إلَيه بعْدَها حدِيثًا. متفقٌ عليه.
On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: On the day of Hunayn, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) favored certain people in the distribution. He gave al-Aqra' ibn Habis one hundred camels and gave 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn the same, and he gave to other Arab chiefs, favoring them in the distribution on that day. A man said: "By Allah, this is a distribution in which justice was not observed, and by which the pleasure of Allah was not sought." I said: "By Allah, I will certainly inform the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)." So I went to him and informed him of what the man had said. His face changed color until it became like dyed red leather. Then he said: "Who then shall be just if Allah and His Messenger are not just?" Then he said: "May Allah have mercy on Musa (Moses); he was harmed with more than this, yet he was patient." I said: "I shall never again bring him such a report." Agreed upon (narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
حُنَين: وادٍ بين مكةَ والطائف. آثر: أكرم وفضّل. ناسًا: من المؤلفة قلوبُهم ومن الطُّلَقاء ومن رؤساء العرب يتألفهم. في القسمة: أي في قسمة غنائم قبيلة هوازن. عُيينة بن حصن: كان من المؤلفة قلوبهم. الأقرع بن حابس: لُقِّب بالأقرع لقرع كان في رأسه، وهو من سادات قبيلة تميم، كان شريفًا في الجاهلية والإسلام. الصِّرف: صِبغ أحمر، وهو كناية عن شدة الغضب. لا جرم: حقًّا ولا بدّ.
"Hunayn": a valley between Makkah and Ta'if. "Favored" (athara): he honored and gave preference to. "Certain people" (nasan): from those whose hearts were being reconciled, from the newly freed people of Makkah, and from the chiefs of the Arabs, in order to win their hearts. "In the distribution": meaning in the distribution of the war spoils from the tribe of Hawazin. "'Uyaynah ibn Hisn": he was among those whose hearts were being reconciled to Islam. "Al-Aqra' ibn Habis": he was nicknamed al-Aqra' (the bald) due to a skin condition on his head. He was a chief of the tribe of Tamim, noble in both the pre-Islamic era and in Islam. "Like dyed red leather" (as-sirf): a red dye, used as a metaphor for the intensity of anger. "Indeed" (la jarama): truly, without doubt.
الدروس · lessons
النصيحة للّه ولرسوله وللمؤمنين. الصفح عن عثرات اللّئام سنّة قديمة في الأنبياء. حكمة النبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم في ائتلاف القلوب، وسَعة حِلْمه. تأسّي الرسولِ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم بإخوانه الأنبياء. الرسولُ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم بشر يتأثر بما يتأثر به البشر من غضب وفرح.
Sincere counsel for the sake of Allah, His Messenger, and the believers. Overlooking the faults of the ignoble is an ancient practice among the prophets. The wisdom of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in winning hearts and the breadth of his forbearance. The Prophet (peace be upon him) following the example of his fellow prophets. The Messenger (peace be upon him) was a human being who was affected by what affects all humans, including anger and joy.