عنْ أَنَسٍ رضي اللّه عنه قال: كَانَ ابْنٌ لأبي طلْحةَ رضي اللّه عنه يَشْتَكِي، فخرج أبُو طَلْحة، فَقُبِضَ الصَّبِيُّ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ أَبُو طَلْحةَ قال: ما فَعَلَ ابنِي؟ قَالَت أُمُّ سُلَيْم وَهِيَ أُمُّ الصَّبيِّ: هو أَسْكَنُ مَا كَانَ، فَقَرَّبَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْعَشَاءَ فَتَعَشَّى، ثُمَّ أَصَابَ مِنْهَا، فَلَمَّا فرَغَ قَالَتْ: وارُوا الصَّبيَّ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبحَ أَبُو طَلْحَة أَتَى رسولَ اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فَأَخْبرهُ، فَقَالَ: «أَعرَّسْتُمُ اللَّيْلَةَ؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قال: «اللَّهُمَّ باركْ لَهُما» فَولَدتْ غُلامًا فقَالَ لِي أَبُو طَلْحَةَ: احْمِلْهُ حتَّى تَأَتِيَ بِهِ النبيَّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، وبَعثَ مَعهُ بِتَمَرَاتٍ، فقال: «أَمعهُ شَيْءٌ؟» قال: نعمْ، تَمَرَاتٌ فَأَخَذَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللّّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فَمضَغَهَا، ثُمَّ أَخذَهَا مِنْ فِيهِ فَجَعَلَهَا في في الصَّبيِّ ثُمَّ حَنَّكَه وسمَّاهُ عبدَ اللّهِ. متفقٌ عليه. • وفي روايةٍ للْبُخَاريِّ: قال ابْنُ عُيَيْنَة: فَقَالَ رجُلٌ منَ الأَنْصارِ: فَرَأَيْتُ تِسعة أَوْلادٍ كلُّهُمْ قدْ قَرؤُوا الْقُرْآنَ، يعْنِي مِنْ أَوْلادِ عَبْدِ الله الْموْلُود. • وفي روايةٍ لمسلِم: ماتَ ابْنٌ لأبِي طَلْحَةَ مِنْ أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ، فَقَالَتْ لأهْلِهَا: لا تُحَدِّثُوا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ بابنِهِ حتَّى أَكُونَ أَنَا أُحَدِّثُهُ، فَجَاءَ فَقَرَّبَتْ إِلَيْهِ عَشَاءً فَأَكَلَ وشَرِبَ، ثُمَّ تَصنَّعتْ لهُ أَحْسنَ ما كانتْ تَصَنَّعُ قَبْلَ ذلكَ، فَوقَعَ بِهَا، فَلَمَّا أَنْ رأَتْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ شَبِعَ وأَصَابَ مِنْها قَالتْ: يا أَبَا طلْحةَ، أَرَأيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ قَوْمًا أَعارُوا عارِيتَهُمْ أَهْلَ بيْتٍ فَطَلبوا عاريَتَهُم، ألَهُمْ أَنْ يمْنَعُوهَا؟ قَالَ: لا، فَقَالَتْ: فاحتسِبِ ابْنَكَ. قَالَ: فغَضِبَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: تركتنِي حتَّى إِذَا تَلطَّخْتُ ثُمَّ أَخْبرتِني بِابْني، فَانْطَلَقَ حتَّى أَتَى رسولَ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فأخْبَرهُ بما كَانَ، فَقَالَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «بَاركَ اللّه لكُما في ليْلتِكُما» قال: فحَملَتْ، قال:وكَانَ رسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم في سفَرٍ وهِي مَعَهُ، وكَانَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم إِذَا أَتَى الْمَدِينَةَ مِنْ سَفَرٍ لاَ يَطْرُقُها طُرُوقًا، فَدنَوْا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَضَرَبَهَا الْمَخاضُ، فَاحْتَبَس عَلَيْهَا أَبُو طلْحَةَ، وانْطلَقَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم. قَالَ: يقُولُ أَبُو طَلْحةَ إِنَّكَ لتعلمُ يَا ربِّ أَنَّهُ يعْجبُنِي أَنْ أَخْرُجَ معَ رسولِ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم إِذَا خَرَجَ، وأَدْخُلَ مَعهُ إِذَا دَخَلَ، وقَدِ احْتَبَسْتُ بِما تَرى. تقولُ أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ: يا أَبَا طلْحةَ مَا أَجِدُ الَّذي كنْتُ أَجِدُ، انْطَلِقْ، فانْطَلقْنَا، وضَربَها المَخاضُ حينَ قَدِمَا فَولَدتْ غُلامًا. فقالَتْ لِي أُمِّي: يا أَنَسُ لا يُرْضِعُهُ أَحدٌ حتَّى تَغْدُوَ بِهِ عَلَى رسُولِ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، فلمَّا أَصْبحَ احتملْتُهُ فانطَلقْتُ بِهِ إِلَى رسولِ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم. وذَكَرَ تمامَ الْحَدِيثِ.
On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) had a son who was ill. Abu Talhah went out, and the child died. When Abu Talhah returned, he asked: "How is my son?" Umm Sulaym -- the child's mother -- said: "He is in the most peaceful state he has been in." She then served him dinner, and he ate. Then he was intimate with her. When he had finished, she said: "Bury the child." When morning came, Abu Talhah went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and informed him. He asked: "Were you intimate last night?" He said: "Yes." He said: "O Allah, bless them both." She gave birth to a boy, and Abu Talhah said to me [Anas]: "Carry him until you bring him to the Prophet (peace be upon him)." He sent some dates with him. The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: "Is there anything with him?" He said: "Yes, some dates." The Prophet (peace be upon him) took them, chewed them, then took the chewed dates from his mouth and placed them in the child's mouth, performed the tahnik (rubbing the palate), and named him Abdullah. Agreed upon (narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim). In a narration by al-Bukhari: Ibn 'Uyaynah said: A man from the Ansar said: "I saw nine children [from Abdullah's descendants], all of whom had memorized the Quran." In a narration by Muslim: A son of Abu Talhah by Umm Sulaym died. She said to her family: "Do not tell Abu Talhah about his son until I tell him myself." He came, and she served him dinner. He ate and drank. Then she adorned herself more beautifully than she had ever done before, and he was intimate with her. When she saw that he had eaten and been with her, she said: "O Abu Talhah, do you think that if people lent something to a household, and then asked for it back, would they have the right to refuse?" He said: "No." She said: "Then accept the loss of your son with patience and seek your reward from Allah." He became upset and said: "You left me until I was in that state [of intimacy], and then you told me about my son!" He went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and told him what had happened. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "May Allah bless both of you for your night." She became pregnant. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was on a journey and she was with him. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), when returning to Madinah from a journey, would not enter it at night. When they drew near to Madinah, she went into labor. Abu Talhah stayed with her while the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) continued on. Abu Talhah said: "You know, O my Lord, that I love to go out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) when he goes out and to enter with him when he enters, and I have been detained by what You see." Umm Sulaym said: "O Abu Talhah, I no longer feel what I was feeling [the labor pains have subsided]. Let us go." So they set off, and the labor pains struck her again when they arrived. She gave birth to a boy. My mother [Umm Sulaym] said: "O Anas, let no one nurse him until you take him to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in the morning." When morning came, I carried him and went with him to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)." And he mentioned the rest of the hadith.
الشرح · explanation
أسكَن ما كان: أي أهدأ حالاته وأوقاته. أم سُلَيم: كانت زوجة لمالك بن النضر في الجاهلية وهو والد أنس، فلما جاء الإسلام أسلمت وعرضت على زوجها الإسلام، فغاضبها وخرج إلى الشام، فهلك فتزوجت بعده أبا طلحة، والصبي الذي مات هو من ولد أبي طلحة، وأخو أنس بن مالك لأمه رضي اللّه عنهم. أصاب منها: أي كان بينه وبينها ما يكون بين الرجل وزوجته. وارَوُا الصبي: أي دفنوه. أعْرَسْتُم: المراد منه الوطء. حنَّكه: أي مضغ تمرًا أو غيره ثم دلكه بحنكه وهو أعلى داخل الفم. ابن عيينة: هو سفيان بن عُيَيْنة، من تابعي التابعين. تصنَّعَت: أي تزيّنت لزوجها. تلطّخت: كناية عن الجماع. لا يطرقها طروقًا: لا يدخلها ليلًا. المخاض: وجع الطلق والولادة.
"In the most peaceful state" (askanu ma kan): meaning the quietest and most tranquil of his states and times. "Umm Sulaym": She had been the wife of Malik ibn al-Nadr in the pre-Islamic era -- he was the father of Anas. When Islam came, she embraced it and offered Islam to her husband, but he was angered and left for Syria where he perished. She then married Abu Talhah. The child who died was from Abu Talhah, and he was Anas ibn Malik's half-brother through their mother (may Allah be pleased with them all). "He was intimate with her" (asaba minha): meaning there occurred between him and his wife what occurs between husband and wife. "Bury the child" (waru as-sabiyy): meaning they buried him. "Were you intimate" (a'arrastum): the meaning here is marital relations. "Performed the tahnik" (hannakahu): meaning he chewed a date or similar and then rubbed it on the infant's palate, which is the upper interior of the mouth. "Ibn 'Uyaynah": He is Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah, from the generation of the Successors' Successors. "She adorned herself" (tasanna'at): meaning she beautified herself for her husband. "I was in that state" (talattakhtu): an expression referring to marital intimacy. "He would not enter it at night" (la yatruquha turuqan): he would not enter it during the nighttime. "Labor" (al-makhad): labor pains and the process of childbirth.
الدروس · lessons
في الحديث مثال واقعي للمرأة المسلمة والزوجة الصالحة في عقلها الكبير وذكائها الوقّاد. صبرُ أم سُلَيم على موت ولدها مثال يُحْتذى للنساء. التلطف في الإخبار عن وفاة أو مصيبة. إيثار إرضاء الزوج على حَزْنِه، وهذا من وفاء الزوجة لزوجها. حب الصحابة للنبيّ صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم والحرص على ملازمته واستشارته والتبرك بصحبته. من السنّة أن يخفّف كل من الزوجين مصيبة الآخر. اختيار الأسماء الكريمة للأبناء. أن من ترك شيئًا للّه عوّضه اللّه خيرًا منه.
This hadith presents a real-life example of the Muslim woman and the righteous wife in her remarkable intelligence and wisdom. The patience of Umm Sulaym upon the death of her child is an exemplary model for women. Gentleness in conveying news of death or calamity. Giving priority to pleasing one's husband over grieving him; this is from the loyalty of a wife to her husband. The love of the Companions for the Prophet (peace be upon him) and their keenness to accompany him, consult him, and seek blessing in his company. It is from the Sunnah for each spouse to lighten the other's affliction. Choosing noble names for children. Whoever leaves something for the sake of Allah, Allah compensates him with something better.