عنْ أبي هُريْرةَ رضي اللّهُ عنه: قالَ: قالَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «قَارِبُوا وسدِّدُوا، واعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ لَنْ يَنْجُوَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ بِعَمَلِهِ» قَالوا: ولَا أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللّهِ؟ قال: «ولَا أَنَا إلَّا أَنْ يتَغَمَّدَنِيَ اللّهُ برَحْمةٍ مِنْهُ وَفَضْلٍ» رواه مسلم.
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Be moderate and stay on the right course, and know that none of you will be saved by his deeds alone." They said: "Not even you, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "Not even me, unless Allah encompasses me with His mercy and grace." Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
قاربوا: الْمُقارَبةُ: الْقَصْدُ الَّذي لا غلُوَّ فيه ولا تقْصيرَ. سدِّدوا: السَّدادُ: الاسْتقَامةُ وَالإِصابةُ. يتَغَمَّدني برحمَتِه: أي يغمرني اللّه برحمة منه وفضل ويُلْبسُنيها ويَسْتُرني.
"Be moderate" (qaribu): Moderation — meaning aiming for the middle path without excess or negligence. "Stay on the right course" (saddidu): Steadfastness and hitting the mark. "Encompasses me with His mercy" (yataghamadani bi rahmatih): Meaning that Allah envelops me in mercy from Him and grace, clothing me in it and concealing me.
الدروس · lessons
لا يَثبُت بالعقلَ ثوابٌ ولا عقابٌ ولا حكمٌ شرعَي، وإنّما يَثبُت بالشرع. فضلُ اللّه على عباده أوسعُ من أعمالهم، ولا يجبُ على اللّهِ شيءٍ إلّا ما أوجبَه على نفسِه تفضُّلًا منه. في الحديث دليل ظاهر من أنَّه لا يستحقُّ أحدٌ الثواب والجَنَّة بطاعتِه ولكن برحمَةِ اللّهِ وفضلِه. الدنيا والآخرة مُلكٌ للّهِ تعالى يفعلُ ما يشاءُ ويحكمُ ما يريد، ولكنَّه أخبرَ وخبره صدق أنَّه يَغفرُ للمؤمنين ويُدخلهم الجَنَّة برحمتِه ويُعذبُ الكافرين ويُدخلهم النار بعدلِه. أنَّ الأعمال أسبابَ عادية كسائرِ الأسباب التي هي من مقتضَيات الحكمة الإلهية لا تأثيرَ لها، لذا على المؤمن أن يعمل وأن يُقرِن مع العمل الدعاء والرجاء لنيل رحمة اللّه وتوفيقه في الجَنَّة.
No reward, punishment, or legal ruling is established by reason alone; rather, it is established by divine law. The grace of Allah upon His servants is vaster than their deeds, and nothing is obligatory upon Allah except what He has obligated upon Himself as a matter of His bounty. In this hadith there is clear evidence that no one earns Paradise and reward by their obedience alone, but rather by the mercy and grace of Allah. This world and the Hereafter belong to Allah the Most High; He does as He wills and decrees what He desires. Yet He has informed — and His word is truth — that He forgives the believers and admits them to Paradise by His mercy, and punishes the disbelievers and admits them to the Fire by His justice. Deeds are customary causes like all other causes required by divine wisdom, having no independent effect. Therefore, the believer must act while combining his actions with supplication and hope to attain Allah's mercy and His favor of Paradise.