عن أبي هريرةَ رضي اللّهُ عنه قالَ: قال رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ اللّهَ تعالى قال: مَنْ عَادَى لي وليًّا فقَدْ آذَنْتُهُ بالْحَرْبِ، وما تَقرَّبَ إِلَيَّ عبْدِي بِشَيْءٍ أَحبَّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا افْتَرَضْتُ عليْهِ، وما يَزالُ عَبدِي يَتقرَّبُ إِليَّ بالنَّوافِلِ حَتَّى أُحِبَّه، فَإِذا أَحبَبْتُه كُنْتُ سَمعَهُ الَّذي يَسْمَعُ بِهِ، وبَصرَهُ الَّذي يُبصِرُ بِهِ، ويدَهُ التي يَبْطِشُ بِهَا، ورِجْلَهُ التي يمْشِي بها، وَإِنْ سأَلنِي أَعْطَيْتُه، ولَئِنِ اسْتَعَاذَنِي لأُعِيذَنَّه» رواه البخاري.
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Allah the Most High said: 'Whoever shows enmity to a friend (wali) of Mine, I have declared war upon him. My servant does not draw near to Me with anything more beloved to Me than what I have made obligatory upon him. And My servant continues to draw near to Me with voluntary acts of worship until I love him. When I love him, I become his hearing with which he hears, his sight with which he sees, his hand with which he strikes, and his foot with which he walks. If he asks Me, I shall give him; and if he seeks My refuge, I shall grant him refuge.'" Narrated by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
وَليًّا: الوليّ هو القريب، والمراد هنا القرب من اللّه تعالى، لتقرُّبه إليه باتباع أوامره واجتناب نواهيه، والإكثار من النوافل، وقد جاء وصفه في القرآن بقوله تعالى: {أَلَا إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللّهِ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ ¤ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَكَانُوا يَتَّقُونَ} [يونس:٦٢-٦٣]. آذنتُهُ بالحرب: أَعلَمْتُه بِأَنِّي محارب لَهُ. استعاذنِي: أي لاذَ باللّهِ ولجأَ إليه. النّوافل: هي هنا الطاعات الزائدة على الفرائض. يبطش بها: يضرب بها، والبطش الأخذ بشدة. كنت سمعه...: المعنى أن اللّه يوفقه في سمعه وبصره ومشيه وبطشه...
"A friend" (waliyan): The wali is one who is close, and here it means closeness to Allah the Most High, by drawing near to Him through following His commands, avoiding His prohibitions, and performing many voluntary acts of worship. Allah has described His allies in the Quran: {Unquestionably, the allies of Allah — there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve. Those who believed and used to fear Allah} [Yunus: 62-63]. "I have declared war upon him" (adhantahu bil-harb): I have announced to him that I am at war with him. "Seeks My refuge" (ista'adhani): He takes shelter in Allah and seeks refuge in Him. "Voluntary acts of worship" (nawafil): Here it means acts of obedience beyond the obligatory ones. "Strikes" (yabtish): To seize or strike with force. "I become his hearing...": The meaning is that Allah grants him success in his hearing, sight, walking, and actions.
الدروس · lessons
خطورة معاداة أولياء اللّه تعالى إما بكراهيتهم أو إيذائهم. أمّا خصومتهم أمام القضاء لاستخراج حقّ أو كشف غامض فلا يدخل في هذا الوعيد، فقد ترافع الصحابة أمام القضاء وهم أخص أولياء اللّه تعالى. أداء الفرائض مقدَّم على النوافل، لأنّ الأمر بها جازم لا خيار للإنسان فيه. ملازمة النوافل كالسنن الرواتب وقيام الليل وقراءة القرآن بعد أداء الفرائض تقود إلى جلب محبة اللّه تعالى للعبد وأن يصبح من جملة أوليائه. يجب تنزيه اللّه تعالى عمّا لا يليق به. إذا صدق العبد ربه في عبادته حتى صار في موضع الولاية منه كان مستحقًّا أن يجيب اللّه دعاءه إن كان ذلك خيرًا له، أو يعوضه خيرًا منه إما في الدنيا أو الآخرة.
The gravity of showing enmity to the allies of Allah the Most High, whether by hating them or harming them. However, legitimate disputes before a judge to establish a right or clarify an ambiguity do not fall under this warning, as the Companions themselves brought cases before judges while being the closest of Allah's allies. Performing obligatory acts takes precedence over voluntary ones, because the command regarding them is binding and the individual has no choice in the matter. Consistently performing voluntary acts of worship — such as the regular sunnah prayers, night prayer, and Quran recitation — after fulfilling the obligations leads to earning the love of Allah the Most High and becoming one of His allies. Allah the Most High must be exalted above anything unbecoming of Him. If a servant is sincere to his Lord in worship until he reaches the station of sainthood, he becomes deserving of having Allah answer his supplication if it is good for him, or compensate him with something better, whether in this life or the Hereafter.