عن عائشةَ رضي اللّهُ عنها أنّها قالت: "كان رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم إذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرُ أَحْيَا اللَّيْلَ، وأَيقَظَ أَهْلَهُ، وجَدَّ وشَدَّ المِئْزَرَ". متفقٌ عليه.
On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) who said: "When the last ten days of Ramadan would begin, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would enliven the night in worship, wake his family, exert himself, and tighten his waist-wrapper." Agreed upon (narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim).
الشرح · explanation
الْعَشْرُ: أي الأواخِرُ من شهر رمضان. أحيا اللّيل: استغرقه بالسهر في الصلاة وغيرها. جدَّ: أي اجتهد في العبادة. المِئْزَر: الإِزارُ هو ما يأتزر به الرجل من أسفل.
"The ten days" (al-'ashr): The last ten days of the month of Ramadan. "Enliven the night": He would spend the entire night in prayer and other acts of worship. "Exerted himself" (jadda): He would strive hard in worship. "Waist-wrapper" (mi'zar): The lower garment that a man wraps around his waist.
الدروس · lessons
شدَّ المِئْزَر: كِنايَةٌ عن اعتِزَال النِّساءِ، وقِيلَ: المُرادُ تشْمِيرهُ للعِبادَةِ. يُقالُ: شَددْتُ لِهذا الأمرِ مِئْزَرِي، أيْ: تشمرتُ وَتَفَرَّغتُ لَهُ. الترغيب في اغتنام الأوقات الفاضلة بالأعمال الصالحة. استحباب إحياء الليل في رمضان ولا سيما العشر الأواخر منه. الرسول صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم كان يحيي العشر الأواخر من رمضان كلها، وذلك تحريًا لليلة القدر، وهي ليلة تكون في العشر الأواخر من رمضان. كان صلّى اللّهُ عليه وسلّم يشدّ المئزر، ويجتهد، ويشمر، وهذا من أنواع المجاهدة، فالإنسان يجب أن يجاهد نفسه في الأوقات الفاضلة حتى يستوعبها في طاعة اللّه تعالى.
"Tightened his waist-wrapper": This is an expression meaning he would abstain from his wives. It is also said to mean that he would gird himself for worship. It is said: "I tightened my waist-wrapper for this matter," meaning: I rolled up my sleeves and devoted myself to it. Encouragement to seize virtuous times with righteous deeds. It is recommended to enliven the night in Ramadan, especially during the last ten nights. The Messenger (peace be upon him) used to enliven all of the last ten nights of Ramadan, seeking Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Decree), which occurs during the last ten nights of Ramadan. The Prophet (peace be upon him) would tighten his waist-wrapper, exert himself, and apply himself diligently — and this is a form of striving. A person must struggle against his own soul during virtuous times to fill them with obedience to Allah the Most High.