عن ابن عباس رضي اللّه عنهما في قِصَّةِ برِيرَةَ وزَوْجِها. قال: قال لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «لَوْ راجَعْتِهِ؟» قَالتَ: يا رَسُولَ اللّهِ تأْمُرُنِي؟ قال: «إِنَّما أَشـْفعُ» قَالَتْ: لا حاجَةَ لِي فِيهِ. رواه البخاري.
Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported, regarding the story of Barirah and her husband: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to her: "Why don't you go back to him?" She said: "O Messenger of Allah, are you commanding me?" He said: "I am only interceding." She said: "I have no need of him." Narrated by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
بَرِيرَة: هي امرأة كانت مملوكة فاشترتها السيدة عائشة أم المؤمنين رضي اللّه عنها وأعتقتها. زوجها: اسمه مغيث، وكان متزوجًا بها قبل أن تعتقها السيدة عائشة رضي اللّه عنها، فلمّا أصبحت حُرَّة خيَّرها رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم بين أن تستمر زوجةً لمغيث وأن تفارقه، والحُكم الشرعيّ أنّ من أصبحت حرّة تخيَّر. لو راجَعْتِهِ؟: أي قبلتِ بالعودة لتكوني زوجة له بعد فراقكِ له، وهو أسلوب المقصود منه تشجيعها على الفعل، فكأنه يقول لو راجعتِه لكان أحسن في نظري. تأمرني؟: أي هل تأمرني بمراجعته على سبيل الوجوب. لا حاجةَ لي فيه: أي لا غرضَ لي ولا رغبةَ أن أعود لأكون زوجة له.
"Barirah" (Barirah): She was a slave-woman whom 'A'ishah, the Mother of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with her), purchased and freed. "Her husband": His name was Mughith. He was married to her before 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) freed her. When she became free, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave her the choice between remaining as Mughith's wife or separating from him — the Islamic ruling is that a woman who becomes free is given this choice. "Why don't you go back to him?" (law raja'tihi): meaning "Would you accept returning to be his wife after separating from him?" — this is a rhetorical style intended to encourage her, as if saying: "It would be better in my view if you went back to him." "Are you commanding me?" (ta'muruni): meaning "Are you ordering me to return to him as an obligation?" "I have no need of him" (la hajata li fihi): meaning "I have no desire or wish to return to being his wife."
الدروس · lessons
شفقته صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم على المسلمين وعنايته بأحوالهم الاجتماعية والنفسية واستخدامُه شفاعتَه في ذلك. جواز استشفاع الإمام والعالم والخليفة في حوائج الرعيّة. أن الأَمَة إذا عُتِقَت وكانت متزوجةً فلها الخيار في مفارقة زوجها أو البقاء معه. الإسلام يراعي الحقوق الشخصية والحرية التي يعبِّر الفرد من خلالها عن كامل إرادته من غير إكراه. أن بَريرة سألت رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم هل هو أمر منه، لأنّه لو كان أمرًا نبويًّا لسارعت إلى تطبيقه وإن كان على خلاف رغبتها.
The compassion of the Prophet (peace be upon him) for the Muslims, his care for their social and psychological well-being, and his use of intercession in such matters. It is permissible for the leader, the scholar, and the caliph to intercede on behalf of the people's needs. If a slave-woman is freed while married, she has the right to choose between separating from her husband or remaining with him. Islam respects personal rights and the freedom through which an individual expresses his or her full will without coercion. Barirah asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) whether it was a command from him, because had it been a prophetic command, she would have hastened to comply even if it were against her personal preference.