عن أَبي هريرة رضي اللّه عنه عن النبيّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال: «لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ فِي المَهْدِ إِلَّا ثَلاثَةٌ: عِيسى ابْنُ مرْيَمَ، وصَاحِب جُرَيْجٍ وكَانَ جُرَيْجٌ رَجُلًا عَابِدًا، فَاتَّخَذَ صَوْمَعةً فكانَ فِيهَا، فَأَتَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهَو يُصلِّي فَقَالَتْ: يا جُرَيْجُ، فقال: يَا رَبِّ أُمِّي وَصَلاتِي، فَأَقْبلَ عَلَى صلاتِهِ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ أَتَتْهُ وهُو يُصَلِّي، فقَالَتْ: يَا جُرَيْجُ، فقال: أَيْ رَبِّ أُمِّي وَصَلاتِي، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى صَلاتِهِ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَد أَتَتْهُ وَهُو يُصَلِّي فَقَالَتْ: يَا جُرَيْجُ، فقال: أَيْ رَبِّ أُمِّي وَصَلاتِي، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى صَلاتِهِ، فَقَالَتْ: اللهُمَّ لا تُمِتْه حَتَّى ينْظُرَ إِلَى وُجُوه المومِسَاتِ، فَتَذَاكَرَ بَنُو إِسْرائِيلَ جُرَيْجًا وَعِبَادَتهُ، وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ بغِيٌّ يُتَمَثَّلُ بِحُسْنِهَا، فَقَالَتْ: إِنْ شِئْتُمْ لأَفْتِنَنَّهُ، فَتَعَرَّضَتْ لَهُ، فَلَمْ يلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهَا، فَأَتتْ رَاعِيًا كَانَ يَأَوي إِلَى صوْمعَتِهِ، فَأَمْكَنَتْهُ مِنْ نَفْسِها فَوقَع علَيْهَا، فَحملَتْ، فَلَمَّا وَلدتْ قَالَتْ: هُوَ مِنْ جُرَيْجٍ، فَأَتَوْهُ فاسْتَنْزَلُوه وهدَمُوا صوْمعَتَهُ، وَجَعَلُوا يَضْرِبُونهُ، فقال: ما شَأْنُكُمْ؟ قالوا: زَنَيْتَ بِهذِهِ البَغِيِّ فَولَدَتْ مِنْك، قال: أَيْنَ الصَّبِيُّ؟ فَجاؤوا بِهِ فقال: دَعُونِي حَتَّى أُصَلِّيَ، فَصلَّى، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ أَتَى الصَّبِيَّ فَطَعَنَ فِي بَطْنِهِ وقالَ: يا غُلامُ مَنْ أَبُوكَ؟ قال: فُلانٌ الرَّاعِي، فَأَقْبَلُوا علَى جُرَيْجٍ يُقَبِّلُونَهُ وَيَتَمَسَّحُونَ بِهِ وقَالُوا: نَبْنِي لَكَ صوْمَعَتَكَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ، قال: لا، أَعيدُوهَا مِنْ طِينٍ كَمَا كَانَتْ، فَفَعَلُوا. وَبَيْنَا صَبِيٌّ يرْضَعُ مِنْ أُمِّهِ، فَمَرَّ رَجُلٌ رَاكِبٌ عَلَى دابَّةٍ فَارِهَةٍ وَشَارَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ فَقالت أُمُّهُ: اللهُمَّ اجْعَل ابْنِي مثْلَ هذَا، فَتَرَكَ الثَّدْيَ وَأَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فقال: اللَّهُمَّ لا تَجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهُ، ثُمَّ أَقبَلَ عَلَى ثَدْيِهِ فَجَعلَ يَرْتَضِعُ» فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى رسول اللّه صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم وَهُوَ يَحْكِي ارْتِضَاعَهُ بِأُصْبُعِه السَّبَّابَةِ فِي فِيهِ، فَجَعلَ يَمُصُّهَا، قال: «وَمَرُّوا بِجَارِيَةٍ وَهُمْ يَضْرِبُونَهَا، وَيَقُولُونَ: زَنَيْتِ سَرَقْتِ، وَهِي تَقُولُ: حَسْبِيَ اللّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوكِيلُ. فقالت أُمُّهُ: اللَّهُمَّ لا تَجْعَلْ ابْنِي مِثْلَهَا، فَتَرَكَ الرَّضَاعَ وَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا فقال: اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهَا، فَهُنَالِكَ تَرَاجَعَا الحَدِيثَ فقالَت: مَرَّ رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الهَيْئَةِ فَقُلْتُ: اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلِ ابْنِي مِثْلَهُ فَقُلْتَ: اللَّهُمَّ لا تَجْعَلنِي مِثْلَهُ، وَمَرُّوا بِهذِهِ الأَمَةِ وَهُم يَضْرِبُونَهُا وَيَقُولُونَ: زَنَيْتِ سَرَقْتِ، فَقُلْتُ: اللَّهُمَّ لا تَجْعَلِ ابْنِي مِثْلَهَا فَقُلْتَ: اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهَا! قَالَ: إِنَّ ذلِكَ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ جَبَّارًا فَقُلتُ: اللَّهُمَّ لا تجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهُ، وإِنَّ هذِهِ يَقُولُونَ لها زَنَيْتِ، وَلَمْ تَزْنِ، وَسَرقْتِ، وَلَمْ تَسْرِقْ، فَقُلْتُ: اللهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهَا» متفق عليه.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported from the Prophet (peace be upon him): "None spoke in the cradle except three: ʿIsa son of Maryam; the companion of Jurayj — Jurayj was a devoted worshiper who built a hermitage and lived in it. His mother came while he was praying and said, 'O Jurayj!' He said, 'O my Lord, my mother and my prayer,' and continued praying. She came the next day while he was praying and called, 'O Jurayj!' He said, 'O my Lord, my mother and my prayer,' and continued. She came the next day and called again, 'O Jurayj!' He said, 'O my Lord, my mother and my prayer,' and continued. She said, 'O Allah, do not let him die until he looks upon the faces of the harlots.' The Children of Israel talked about Jurayj and his worship. There was a prostitute whose beauty was proverbial, and she said, 'If you wish, I will tempt him.' She presented herself to him but he paid her no attention. She then went to a shepherd who used to take shelter at his hermitage, and gave herself to him, and he lay with her. She conceived, and when she gave birth, she said, 'The child is from Jurayj.' They came to him, made him come down, demolished his hermitage, and began to beat him. He asked, 'What is the matter with you?' They said, 'You committed fornication with this prostitute, and she has borne your child.' He said, 'Where is the child?' They brought him the child, and he said, 'Leave me to pray.' He prayed, and when he finished, he went to the child, poked his belly and said, 'O boy, who is your father?' The child said, 'So-and-so, the shepherd.' They turned to Jurayj, kissing him and touching him for blessing, and said, 'We will build your hermitage from gold.' He said, 'No, restore it with clay as it was.' And they did. Then there was a baby nursing at his mother's breast, and a man on a noble mount with a handsome appearance passed by. His mother said, 'O Allah, make my son like this one.' The baby left the breast, turned to look at him and said, 'O Allah, do not make me like him,' and then returned to nurse." Abu Hurayrah said: It is as if I can see the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) describing the baby's nursing with his forefinger in his mouth, sucking it. "Then they passed by a slave-girl whom they were beating, saying: 'You have committed fornication; you have stolen!' while she said, 'Allah is sufficient for me and what an excellent Guardian.' His mother said, 'O Allah, do not make my son like her.' The baby left nursing, looked at her, and said, 'O Allah, make me like her.' Then they talked it over, and she said, 'A handsome man passed and I said, O Allah make my son like him, and you said, O Allah do not make me like him; and they passed by this slave-girl while beating her saying You have committed fornication and theft, and I said O Allah do not make my son like her, and you said O Allah make me like her!' He said, 'That man was a tyrant, so I said, O Allah do not make me like him; and they were saying to her, You have committed fornication, though she had not, and You have stolen, though she had not; so I said, O Allah make me like her.'" [Agreed upon]
الشرح · explanation
إلا ثلاثة: أي من بني إسرائيل، وإلا فقد تكلم غيرهم، كما جاء في صحيح مسلم كلام الصبي لأمه حين ترددت في قصة أصحاب الأخدود. صومعة: بناء مرتفع يتعبد فيه الرهبان. المُومِسَات: وهُنَّ الزَّوانِي. بغِيّ: زانية. يُتمثل بحسنها: يُضرَب المثل بحسنها. فاستنزلوه: طلبوا منه النّزول. دابَّةً فَارِهَة: أَي حاذِقَةٌ نَفِيسةٌ. الشَّارَةُ: هِي الجمالُ الظَّاهِرُ فِي الهيْئَةِ والملْبسِ. حسبي اللّه: أي كافيني اللّه، وهي جملة قالتها الجارية للتبرُّؤ مما اتهموها به. هنالك تَراجَعا الحديث: المراد في هذا الحال سألت الأمّ طفلها الرضيع عن سبب مخالفته لها أَي حدَّثَتِ الصَّبِيَّ وحدَّثَهَا.
"Except three": that is, among the Children of Israel; others besides these three did speak, as reported in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim regarding the child speaking to his mother when she hesitated in the story of the people of the trench. "Ṣawmaʿah": a tall structure where monks devote themselves to worship. "Al-mūmisāt": the harlots, prostitutes. "Baghiyy": a prostitute. "Proverbial for beauty": whose beauty is used as a byword. "They made him come down": asked him to descend. "A noble mount" (fārihah): swift and splendid. "Al-shārah": manifest beauty in form and attire. "Allah is sufficient for me": a statement the slave-girl made to clear herself of what they accused her of. "Then they talked it over": in this state the mother asked her nursing infant the reason for his disagreement with her — she spoke to the child and he spoke back.
الدروس · lessons
إيثار إجابة الأمّ على صلاة التطوع؛ لأنّ الاستمرارَ فيها نافلة، وإجابةَ الأمِّ وبرَّها واجب. ثبوت الكرامة للصالحين من الرجال والنساء وثبوت المعجزة للأنبياء. فضل برّ الوالدين. المؤمن مُعرَّض للابتلاء فعليه أن يصبر ويثبت على الحقّ. إيثار التشبه بالصالحين والضعفاء منهم وترك التشبه بأصحاب الجاه والغنى مع فساد أعمالهم.
Giving preference to answering one's mother over voluntary prayer, because continuing it is supererogatory whereas answering the mother and showing her kindness is obligatory. The miraculous gifts granted to the righteous among both men and women, and the establishment of miracles for the Prophets. The virtue of dutifulness to parents. The believer is subject to trials; he must be patient and steadfast on the truth. Preferring to be like the righteous and the weak among them, and avoiding likeness with those of worldly position and wealth whose deeds are corrupt.