روضة الحديث
حديث 346·الباب 43 · باب اكرام أهل بيت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وبيان فضلهم·رياض الصالحين · Riyad Al Salihin

عن يزيدَ بنِ حيَّانَ قال: انْطَلَقْتُ أَنا وحُصَيْنُ بْنُ سَبْرَةَ، وعَمْرُو بن مُسْلِمٍ إلى زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ رضي اللّهُ عنهم، فلَمَّا جَلسْنا إِلَيهِ قالَ له حُصَيْنٌ: لَقَدْ لَقِيتَ يَا زَيْدُ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا، رَأَيْتَ رسولَ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، وسمِعْتَ حَدِيثَهُ، وغَزَوْتَ مَعَهُ، وَصَلَّيْتَ خَلْفَهُ، لَقَدْ لَقِيتَ يا زَيْدُ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا، حَدِّثْنَا يا زَيْدُ ما سمِعْتَ مِنْ رسولِ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم. قال: يا ابْنَ أَخِي واللّهِ لَقَدْ كَبِرَتْ سِنِّي، وقَدُم عَهْدِي، ونسِيتُ بعْضَ الذي كنتُ أَعِي مِنْ رسولِ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ، فَمَا حَدَّثْتُكُمْ فَاقْبَلُوا، وَمَا لا فَلا تُكَلِّفُونِيهِ ثُمَّ قال: قامَ رسولُ اللّهِ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا فِينَا خَطِيبًا بِمَاءٍ يُدْعَى خُمًّا بَيْنَ مكَّةَ وَالمَدِينَةَ، فَحَمِدَ اللّهَ، وَأَثْنى عَليْه، ووَعَظَ، وَذَكَّرَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «أَمَّا بعْدُ: أَلَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ رسولُ ربي فَأُجِيبَ، وأَنَا تَارِكٌ فِيكُمْ ثَقَلَيْنِ: أَوَّلُهُما كِتابُ اللّهِ، فِيهِ الهُدَى وَالنُّورُ، فَخُذُوا بِكِتابِ اللّهِ، وَاسْتَمْسِكُوا به» فَحثَّ على كِتَابِ اللّهِ، ورَغَّبَ فِيهِ. ثمَّ قَالَ «وأَهْلُ بَيْتِي، أُذَكِّرُكُمُ اللّهَ في أَهْلِ بَيْتِي، أُذَكِّرُكُمُ اللّهَ في أَهْلِ بَيْتي» فَقَالَ لَهُ حُصَيْنٌ: ومَنْ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ يا زيْدُ؟ أَلَيْسَ نِسَاؤُهُ مِن أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ؟ قال: نِسَاؤُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَلَكِنْ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ مَنْ حُرِمَ الصَّدَقَةَ بَعْدَهُ، قَال: ومَنْ هُم؟ قَالَ: هُمْ آلُ عَليٍّ، وآلُ عَقِيلٍ، وآلُ جَعْفَرٍ، وَآلُ عبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: كُلُّ هؤُلاءِ حُرِمَ الصَّدَقَةَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. رواه مسلم. وفي روايةٍ: «أَلا وَإِنِّي تَارِكٌ فِيكُمْ ثَقَلَيْن: أَحَدُهُما كِتَابُ اللّهِ وَهُو حَبْلُ اللّهِ، مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ كَانَ عَلَى الهُدَى، ومَنْ تَرَكَهُ كانَ على ضَلَالَةٍ».

Yazid ibn Hayyan reported: I set out together with Husayn ibn Sabrah and Amr ibn Muslim to Zayd ibn Arqam (may Allah be pleased with them). When we sat down with him, Husayn said to him, "Indeed, O Zayd, you have met with abundant good. You saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), heard his speech, fought alongside him, and prayed behind him. Indeed, O Zayd, you have met with abundant good. Narrate to us, O Zayd, what you heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." He said, "O son of my brother, by Allah, I have grown old in years, my time is long past, and I have forgotten some of what I used to retain from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So whatever I narrate to you, accept it, and whatever I do not, do not burden me with it." Then he said: One day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood among us to deliver a sermon at a watering place called Khumm, between Makkah and Madinah. He praised Allah and extolled Him, admonished and reminded, and then said: "To proceed: O people, I am but a human being, and the messenger of my Lord is about to come to me, and I shall respond. I am leaving among you two weighty things: the first is the Book of Allah, in which there is guidance and light, so take hold of the Book of Allah and cling to it." He urged people to hold fast to the Book of Allah and roused their desire for it. Then he said: "And the members of my household. I remind you of Allah regarding the members of my household; I remind you of Allah regarding the members of my household." Husayn said to him, "And who are the members of his household, O Zayd? Are his wives not among the members of his household?" He replied, "His wives are among the members of his household, but the members of his household are those who are forbidden to receive charity after him." He said, "And who are they?" He replied, "They are the family of Ali, the family of Aqil, the family of Ja'far, and the family of Abbas." He said, "Are all of these forbidden charity?" He replied, "Yes." [Reported by Muslim] In another narration: "Behold, I am leaving among you two weighty things: one of them is the Book of Allah, which is the rope of Allah; whoever follows it is upon guidance, and whoever abandons it is in error."

الشرح · explanation

أعي: أي أحفظ. بماء يُدعى خُمًّا: خُمّ موضع بين مكة والمدينة تَصُبُّ فيه عَين وتُنسَب إلى اسمها فيقال لها: غدير خُم. يوشك أن يأتي رسول ربي: يَقرُب أن يأتي ملك الموت. ثقلين: يقال لكلّ خطير نفيس ثقيل، فسمّاهما ثَقَلين إعظامًا لقدرهما وتفخيمًا لشأنهما. الصدقة: أي الزكاة الواجبة. حبل الله: عهده، وقيل: السبب الموصل إلى رضاه ورحمته.

I retain (a'i): that is, I memorize. At a watering place called Khumm: Khumm is a place between Makkah and Madinah into which a spring flows, and it is named after it, so it is called Ghadir Khumm (the Pool of Khumm). The messenger of my Lord is about to come to me: the Angel of Death is about to come. Two weighty things (thaqalayn): everything of grave importance and precious value is called thaqal; he named them "two weighty things" to magnify their rank and exalt their standing. Charity (al-sadaqah): that is, the obligatory zakah. The rope of Allah: His covenant; and it is said: the means leading to His pleasure and mercy.

الدروس · lessons

استحباب التلطف في طلب العلم من العالم بأطيب العبارات وأحسنها. بشرية النبيّ صلّى اللهُ عليه وسلّمَ، وأنّ الموت يأتيه كبقية البشر. الحث على التمسك بكتاب اللهِ تعالى والعمل بأوامره وترك نواهيه. تأكيد الوصاية بأهل النبيّ صلّى اللهُ عليه وسلّمَ وطلب العناية بشأنهم.

It is recommended to be gentle in seeking knowledge from a scholar, using the kindest and finest of expressions. The human nature of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and that death comes to him as it does to the rest of humankind. The exhortation to hold fast to the Book of Allah the Exalted, acting upon its commands and abandoning its prohibitions. The emphasis upon the charge to care for the household of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and to attend to their affairs.

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