عن أَنسٍ رضي اللهُ عنه: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم -وَمُعَاذٌ ردِيفُهُ عَلى الرَّحْلِ- قَالَ: «يا مُعاذُ» قال: لَبَّيْكَ يا رسُولَ اللهِ وَسَعْدَيْكَ، قالَ: «يا مُعَاذُ» قالَ: لَبَّيكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ وَسَعْديْكَ، قالَ: «يَا مُعاذُ» قال: لَبَّيْكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ وَسَعْديكَ، - ثلاثاً - قالَ: «ما مِنْ عَبدٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِله إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمدًا عَبْدُهُ ورَسُولُهُ صِدْقًا مِنْ قَلْبِهِ إِلَّا حَرَّمَهُ اللهُ على النَّارِ» قالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَفَلا أُخْبِرُ بِها النَّاسَ فَيَسْتَبْشِرُوا؟ قال: «إِذًا يَتَّكلُوا»، فَأَخْبَرَ بها مُعَـاذٌ عِنْد مَوْتِهِ تَأَثُّمًا متفقٌ عليه.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), while Mu'adh was riding behind him on the mount, said: "O Mu'adh." He said: "At your service, O Messenger of Allah, and at your pleasure." He said: "O Mu'adh." He said: "At your service, O Messenger of Allah, and at your pleasure." He said: "O Mu'adh." He said: "At your service, O Messenger of Allah, and at your pleasure"—three times. He said: "There is no servant who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, truthfully from his heart, but that Allah forbids the Fire to him." Mu'adh said: "O Messenger of Allah, shall I not inform the people of this, that they may rejoice?" He said: "Then they will rely upon it." So Mu'adh related it only at the time of his death, out of fear of sin. Agreed upon.
الشرح · explanation
رديفه: خلفه. لبيك: إجابة لك بعد إجابة أي أنا مقيم على طاعتك. سعديك: أي إسعادًا لك بعد إسعاد. صِدْقًا مِنْ قَلْبِهِ: خالصة من قلبه، يطابق قوله وعمله ما في قلبه من الإيمان يتَّكلوا: يعتمدوا على ذلك ويتركوا العمل. تَأَثمًا: خَوْفًا مِنَ الإِثمِ في كَتْمِ هذا العِلْمِ.
"Riding behind him": seated behind him on the mount. "At your service (labbayk)": responding to you again and again, that is, I remain steadfast in your obedience. "At your pleasure (sa'dayk)": that is, seeking your contentment again and again. "Truthfully from his heart": sincerely from his heart, his words and deeds matching the faith within his heart. "Rely upon it": depend upon it and abandon doing good works. "Out of fear of sin": fearing the sin of concealing this knowledge.
الدروس · lessons
المراد من هذا الحديث أن من نطق بالشهادتين صادقًا وأدى حقها من طاعة وفعل المأمورات وترك المنهيات يدخل الجنة ولا يخلد في النار. إذا صحب النطق بالشهادتين ارتكاب شيء من المعاصي فيحاسب بقدرها؛ فإما أن تناله مغفرة الله أو يعذب في النار بقدرها ثم يخرج إلى الجنة. جواز ترك التحديث بحديث إذا كان يترتب عليه محظور، أو قعود عما هو أفضل، وإنما أخبر به معاذ بعد ذلك خشية من كتمان العلم. فضل الله الواسع لمن أطاعه ووحّده صادقًا مخلصًا ولم يشرك به شيئًا، ممّا يجعل المسلم يحسنُ الظنّ بربّه. من أعظم الخلل أن يترك المسلم العمل الصالح زاعمًا أنّ ما في قلبه إيمانٌ صادق فيتّكل على هذا ويدع العمل. تواضع النبيّ صلّى اللهُ عليه وسلّم حيث أردف خلفه معاذ رضي الله عنه، وبعض النّاس اليوم يأنف أن يُركِب معه أحدًا بجانبه في سيارته.
The meaning of this hadith is that whoever pronounces the two testimonies truthfully and fulfills their right by obeying, performing what is commanded and abandoning what is forbidden, will enter Paradise and not abide forever in the Fire. If the pronouncement of the two testimonies is accompanied by committing some sins, he is held to account according to their measure: either Allah's forgiveness reaches him, or he is punished in the Fire in proportion to them and then brought out to Paradise. It is permissible to refrain from relating a hadith if doing so would lead to harm or to abandoning what is better; Mu'adh related it later only out of fear of concealing knowledge. Allah's vast bounty toward whoever obeys Him and affirms His oneness truthfully and sincerely, associating nothing with Him, which leads the Muslim to think well of his Lord. It is among the gravest errors for a Muslim to abandon righteous works, claiming that the faith in his heart is true, and to rely upon this and leave off action. The humility of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), in that he let Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) ride behind him, whereas some people today disdain to let anyone ride beside them in their car.