عن أبي هريرةَ رضي اللهُ عنه، قال: قالَ رسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «لمَّا خَلَقَ اللهُ الخَلْقَ، كَتَبَ في كِتَابٍ، فَهُوَ عِنْدَهُ فَوْقَ العَرْشِ: إِنَّ رَحْمَتِي تَغْلِبُ غَضَبِي». وفي روايةٍ: «غَلَبَتْ غَضَبِي» وفي روايةٍ «سَبَقَتْ غَضَبِي» متفقٌ عليه.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When Allah created creation, He wrote in a Book, which is with Him above the Throne: 'Indeed My mercy prevails over My wrath.'" In one narration: "has overcome My wrath." In another narration: "has preceded My wrath." Agreed upon.
الدروس · lessons
إثبات صفتي الرحمة والغضب لله تعالى إثباتًا يليق بجلاله وعظمته سبحانه. جلالة قدر ذلك الكتاب لكونه وُضع فوق العرش. أنّ قسط الخلق من الرحمة أكثر من قسطهم من الغضب. أنّ الرحمة تنال الخلق من غير استحقاق، لكن الغضب لا ينالهم إلا باستحقاق، أي بعد أن يصدر عنهم من الذنوب ما يستحقّ ذلك. عدم اليأس من رحمة الله تعالى. المراد بالسبق والغلب كثرة الرحمة وشمولها، ومن مظاهر كثرة رحمته رزقه سبحانه للمطيع والعاصي، وحلمه على الكافر والعاصي، وقبول توبة التائب.
Affirmation of the two attributes of mercy and wrath for Allah the Exalted, in a manner befitting His majesty and greatness, glory be to Him. The exalted rank of that Book, in that it was placed above the Throne. Creation's share of mercy is greater than their share of wrath. Mercy reaches creation without their having earned it, but wrath does not reach them except by desert—that is, only after they commit sins warranting it. Not despairing of the mercy of Allah the Exalted. What is meant by "preceding" and "overcoming" is the abundance of mercy and its all-encompassing scope; among the manifestations of the abundance of His mercy are His provision for both the obedient and the disobedient, His forbearance toward the disbeliever and the sinner, and His acceptance of the repentance of the one who repents.