عن مُعَاذِ بنِ جَبَلٍ رضيَ اللهُ عنهُ قال: كُنتُ رِدْفَ النّبيِّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم على حِمارٍ فقال: «يَا مُعَاذُ هَل تَدري مَا حَقُّ اللهِ عَلى عِبَادِهِ، ومَا حَقُّ الْعِبادِ عَلى الله؟» قلت: اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، قال: «فَإِنَّ حَقَّ اللهِ عَلَى العِبَادِ أَن يَعْبُدُوه وَلا يُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَحقَّ العِبادِ عَلى اللهِ أَنْ لا يُعَذِّبَ مَنْ لا يُشِرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا» فقلت: يا رسولَ اللهِ أَفَلا أُبَشِّرُ النَّاسَ؟ قال: «لا تُبَشِّرْهُم فَيَتَّكِلُوا» متفقٌ عليه.
Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I was riding behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on a donkey, and he said, "O Mu'adh, do you know what is Allah's right over His servants, and what is the servants' right over Allah?" I said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said, "Allah's right over His servants is that they worship Him and associate nothing with Him, and the servants' right over Allah is that He not punish anyone who associates nothing with Him." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, shall I not give the people the good news?" He said, "Do not give them the good news, lest they rely upon it." Agreed upon.
الشرح · explanation
ردف النّبيّ: أي راكب خلفه الحق: الشيء الثابت، أي ما يستحقه.
"riding behind the Prophet": meaning, mounted behind him. "the right": that which is firmly established, i.e., what one is entitled to.
الدروس · lessons
فضل الله على عباده بالمغفرة والرحمة. جواز ترك التبشير بالخير إذا كان يؤدي إلى محظور أو ترك السعي إلى ما هو أفضل. حق الله على عباده إفراده بالعبادة من غير أن يشركوا بها أحدًا. نفي العذاب عمن لا يشرك بالله شيئًا هو نفي الخلود فيه وليس المراد النفي المطلق للعذاب حيث إنه قد ثبت أن مِن عصاة الموحدين مَن يُعذب، والله أعلم. من عباد الله الموحدين من ينتفي عنه العذاب تماما وذلك إذا حقق التوحيد الكامل وأتى بمقتضياته وابتعد عن الشرك بكل صوره.
Allah's bounty upon His servants through forgiveness and mercy. It is permissible to refrain from announcing good news if doing so would lead to something prohibited or to abandoning the pursuit of what is better. Allah's right over His servants is that He alone be worshipped, without associating anyone with Him. The negation of punishment for one who associates nothing with Allah is the negation of eternal abiding in it, not an absolute negation of all punishment, since it is established that among the sinful monotheists are those who are punished — and Allah knows best. Among Allah's monotheist servants are those from whom punishment is entirely averted, and that is when one realizes complete monotheism, fulfills its requirements, and keeps away from polytheism in all its forms.