روضة الحديث
حديث 465·الباب 55 · باب فضل الزهد في الدنيا والحث على التقلل منها وفضل الفقر·رياض الصالحين · Riyad Al Salihin

عن أبي ذرٍّ رَضِيَ اللّهُ عَنْهُ  قال: كُنْتُ أَمْشِي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم في حَرَّةٍ بالمَدِينَةِ، فَاسْتَقْبلَنَا اُحُدٌ، فقال: «يا أَبَا ذَرٍّ» قُلتُ: لَبَّيْكَ يا رسولَ اللّهِ،  فقالَ: «مَا يَسُرُّني أَنَّ عِنْدِي مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ هذا ذَهبًا تَمْضِي عَلَيَّ ثَلاثَةٌ أيّامٍ وعِنْدِي مِنْهُ دِينَارٌ، إِلَّا شَيْءٌ أُرْصِدُهُ لِدَيْنٍ، إِلَّا أَنْ أَقُولَ بِهِ في عِبَادِ اللّهِ هكَذَا، وَهَكَذا، وهَكَذا» عَنْ يَمِينهِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ، وَعَنْ  خَلْفِهِ ، ثُمَّ سارَ فقالَ: «إِنَّ الأَكثَرِينَ هُمُ الأَقَلُّونَ يَومَ القيامةِ إِلَّا مَنْ قَالَ بالمال هَكَذَا، وهَكَذَا، وَهَكَذَا» عَنْ  يمينهِ، وَعَنْ  شمالهِ، ومِنْ خَلْفِهِ «وَقَليلٌ مَا هُمْ» ثُمَّ قال لي: «مَكَانَكَ لا تَبْرَحْ حَتَّى آتيَكَ». ثم انْطَلَقَ في سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ حتَّى تَوَارَى، فسمِعْتُ صَوْتًا قَدِ ارْتَفَعَ، فَتَخَوَّفْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَحَدٌ عَرَضَ للنَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ آتِيَهُ، فَذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَهُ: «لا تَبْرَحْ حَتَّى آتِيَكَ» فلم أَبْرَحْ حَتَّى أَتَاني، فَقُلْتُ: لقدْ سَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا تَخَوَّفْتُ مِنْهُ، فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ، فقال: «وَهَلْ سَمِعْتَهُ؟» قُلتُ: نَعَمْ، قال: «ذَاكَ جِبريلُ أَتانِي فقالَ: مَنْ ماتَ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ لا يُشْرِكُ بِاللّهِ  شَيئًا دَخَلَ الجَنَّةَ، قلْتُ: وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ؟ قال: وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ . وهذا لفظُ الْبُخَارِيِّ .

Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I was walking with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on a stony tract in Madinah, and Mount Uhud came into our view. He said: "O Abu Dharr." I said: 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: "It would not please me to have gold equal to this Mount Uhud, and that three days should pass while I still have a single dinar of it, except something I set aside for a debt; rather, I would dispense it among the servants of Allah thus, and thus, and thus" — to his right, to his left, and behind him. Then he walked on and said: "Indeed, those who have the most [wealth] will be the ones with the least [reward] on the Day of Resurrection, except for one who dispenses his wealth thus, and thus, and thus" — to his right, to his left, and behind him — "and how few they are." Then he said to me: "Stay where you are; do not leave until I come back to you." Then he set off into the darkness of the night until he disappeared from view. I heard a raised voice, and I feared that someone had set upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so I wanted to go to him. But I recalled his words, "Do not leave until I come back to you," so I did not leave until he came to me. I said: 'I heard a sound that alarmed me,' and I mentioned it to him. He said: "Did you hear it?" I said: 'Yes.' He said: "That was Gabriel; he came to me and said: 'Whoever of your Ummah dies without associating anything with Allah will enter Paradise.' I said: 'Even if he committed adultery, even if he stole?' He said: 'Even if he committed adultery, even if he stole.'" [Agreed upon; this is the wording of al-Bukhari]

الشرح · explanation

حَرّة: أرض ذات حجارة سوداء، وجمعها حِرار. أُحدًا: الجبل المعروف، ويقع شمال المدينة المنورة. أرصده لدَيْن: أعدُّه وأحفظه لدَيْن. إن الأكثرين هم الأقلون يوم القيامة: المراد الإكثار من المال والإقلال من الأعمال الصالحة. مكانك: أي الزم مكانك. لا تبرح: أي لا تترك مكانك. توارى: غاب شخصه عن النظر، استتر فلم أعد أراه. عرض له: أي تعرض له بسوء. لا يشرك بالله: أي لا يشرك في اعتقاده وعبادته إلهًا آخر مع الله. دخل الجنة وإن زنى وإن سرق: أي مآله أن يدخل الجنّة، وأنّ هذه المعاصي لا تحجبه عن دخولها لكن قد يتأخر دخوله لها.

"A stony tract (harrah)": land covered with black stones; its plural is hirar. "Uhud": the well-known mountain located to the north of Madinah. "I set aside for a debt": I prepare and keep it for a debt. "Those who have the most will be the ones with the least on the Day of Resurrection": what is meant is having much wealth but few righteous deeds. "Stay where you are": meaning, remain in your place. "Do not leave": meaning, do not abandon your place. "Disappeared from view": his figure vanished from sight, he became hidden so I no longer saw him. "Set upon him": meaning approached him with harm. "Without associating anything with Allah": meaning without associating another deity with Allah in his belief and worship. "Will enter Paradise even if he committed adultery, even if he stole": meaning his ultimate destiny is to enter Paradise, and that these sins will not bar him from entering it, though his entry may be delayed.

الدروس · lessons

تواضع النّبيّ صَلَّى اللّهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ مع أصحابه وعدم ترفّعه على أحد منهم. جواز حفظ المال لصاحب دَيْنٍ غائب، أو لأجل وفاء دَيْن مؤجل حين يحل. أن وفاء الدَّيْن مقدم على صدقة التطوع. حث أصحاب الأموال على الإنفاق في سبيل اللّهِ. لا يكره وجود المال ما دام صاحبه ينفق منه في سبيل اللّهِ. أنّ المسلم الموحّد مآله دخول الجنّة سواء بعفو اللّه دون أن يعذّبه على معاصيه، أو بعد تطهيره بدخول جهنّم ثم يخرج إلى الجنّة. المشرك لا يدخل الجنّة وهو خالد مخلد في النار.

The Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) humility with his Companions and his not exalting himself over any of them. The permissibility of keeping wealth for a creditor who is absent, or to fulfill a deferred debt when it falls due. That the repayment of a debt takes precedence over voluntary charity. Urging the wealthy to spend in the cause of Allah. Possessing wealth is not disliked as long as its owner spends from it in the cause of Allah. That the monotheist Muslim's ultimate destiny is to enter Paradise, whether through Allah's pardon without being punished for his sins, or after being purified by entering Hell and then emerging to Paradise. The polytheist will not enter Paradise and will abide forever in the Fire.

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