عن أبي عَمْرٍو، ويقالُ: أَبو عبدِ اللهِ، ويقال: أَبو لَيْلى عُثْمَانُ بنُ عَفَّانَ رضيَ اللهُ عنه، أَنَّ النبيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال: «لَيْسَ لابْن آدَمَ حَقٌّ في سِوى هَذِهِ الخِصَال: بَيْتٌ يَسْكُنُهُ، وَثَوْبٌ يُوَارِي عَوْرَتَهُ، وَجِلْفُ الخُبزِ وَالمَاءِ». رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث صحيح.
Abu 'Amr — also called Abu 'Abd Allah, and also called Abu Layla — 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The son of Adam has no right to anything beyond these things: a house in which he dwells, a garment that covers his nakedness, and a piece of bread and water." [Reported by al-Tirmidhi, who said: a sahih hadith]
الشرح · explanation
الخصال: جمع خصلة، وهي الصفة المتأصلة في النفس. يواري: يستر. جلفُ الخبز: الخُبزُ لَيْس مَعَهُ إِدَامٌ، وقيل هُوَ غَلِيظُ الخُبْزِ، وقيل المُرَادُ بِهِ هُنَا وعاء الخبز.
Al-khisal: the plural of khaslah, meaning a quality deeply rooted in the self. Yuwari: it conceals. Jilf al-khubz: bread without anything to accompany it; it is also said to mean coarse bread; and it is also said that what is meant here is the container of the bread.
الدروس · lessons
الاقتصار على حد الكفاية في هذه الحياة الدنيا من بيت يسكنه وثوب يستر عورته والخبز والماء. عورة المرأة جميع جسمها أو ما عدا الوجه والكفين خلاف بين أهل العلم، وعورة الرجل ما بين سرته إلى ركبته، والمراد ما يحتاج إلى ستر جسمه وكمال مظهره، لأنه يعتبر من حظوظ النفس.
Limiting oneself to what is sufficient in this worldly life: a house in which to dwell, a garment that covers one's nakedness, and bread and water. The 'awrah (that which must be covered) of a woman is her entire body, or all of it except the face and hands — there is a difference of opinion among the people of knowledge; the 'awrah of a man is what lies between his navel and his knee. What is meant is what one needs to cover one's body and complete one's appearance, since that is counted among the desires of the self.