عن أبي هُريرةَ رضيَ اللهُ عنه قال: خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم ذاتَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ لَيْلَةٍ، فَإِذا هُوَ بِأَبي بكْرٍ وعُمَرَ رضيَ اللهُ عنهما، فقال: «ما أَخْرَجَكُمَا مِنْ بُيُوتِكُما هذِهِ السَّاعَةَ؟» قالا: الجُوعُ يا رَسولَ اللهِ، قالَ: «وَأََنا، والَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِه، لأَخْرَجَني الَّذِي أَخْرَجَكُما، قُوما» فقَاما مَعَهُ، فَأَتَى رَجُلًا مِنَ الأَنْصارِ، فَإِذَا هُوَ لَيْسَ في بيتهِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ المَرْأَةُ قالَتْ: مَرْحَبًا وَأَهْلًا، فقال لها رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «أَيْنَ فُلانٌ؟» قالَتْ: ذَهَبَ يَسْتَعْذِبُ لَنَا الماءَ، إِذْ جاءَ الأَنْصَاريُّ، فَنَظَرَ إلى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم وَصَاحِبَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قالَ: الحَمْدُ لِلهِ، ما أَحَدٌ اليَوْمَ أَكْرَمَ أَضْيافًا مِنِّي، فانْطَلقَ فَجَاءَهُمْ بِعِذْقٍ فِيهِ بُسْرٌ وتَمْرٌ ورُطَبٌ، فقال: كُلُوا، وَأَخَذَ المُدْيَةَ، فقال لَهُ رسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «إِيَّاكَ وَالحَلُوبَ» فَذَبَحَ لَهُمْ، فَأَكلُوا مِنَ الشَّاةِ وَمِنْ ذلكَ العِذْقِ وشَرِبُوا، فلمَّا أَنْ شَبعُوا وَرَوُوا قال رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم لأَبي بكرٍ وعُمَرَ رضيَ اللهُ عنهما: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسي بِيَدِهِ، لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هذَا النَّعيمِ يَوْمَ القِيامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الجُوعُ، ثُمَّ لَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَابَكُمْ هذا النَّعِيمُ» رواه مسلم.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out one day, or one night, and there he came upon Abu Bakr and 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them). He said, "What has brought you out of your homes at this hour?" They said, "Hunger, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, the same thing that brought you out has brought me out. Come along." So they set off with him until he came to a man from the Ansar, but he was not at home. When his wife saw him, she said, "Welcome and greetings!" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked her, "Where is so-and-so?" She said, "He has gone to fetch some fresh water for us." Just then the Ansari arrived, and he looked at the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his two companions, and said, "Praise be to Allah, no one today has more honoured guests than I!" He went off and brought them a cluster of dates containing unripe, dried, and ripe dates, and said, "Eat." Then he took up the knife, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him, "Beware of the milk-giving one." So he slaughtered for them, and they ate of the sheep and of that cluster of dates, and they drank. When they had eaten their fill and quenched their thirst, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them), "By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, you will surely be questioned about this bounty on the Day of Resurrection. Hunger drove you out of your homes, and you did not return until this bounty came to you." Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
مرحبًا: أي وجدت منزلًا رحبًا واسعًا فانزل. وأهلًا: أي وصادفت أهلًا فَأْنَس بهم. يَسْتَعْذبُ: أَي يَطْلبُ الماءَ العَذْبَ الطَّيبُ. العِذْقُ: الغُصْنُ. بسر: المتلوّن من ثمر النخل. تمر: اليابس من ثمر النخل. الرطب: ثمر النخل قبل أن يجف. المُدْيةُ: هي السِّكِّينُ. الحلُوبُ: ذاتُ اللبَن. السؤالُ عَنْ هذا النعِيم: سُؤالُ تَعدِيد النِّعَم لا سُؤالُ توْبيخٍ وتَعْذِيبٍ. الأنصارِيُّ الَّذِي أَتَوْهُ هُوَ أَبُو الهَيْثمِ بنُ التَّيِّهانِ رضيَ اللهُ عنه.
"Welcome" (marhaban): that is, may you find a spacious, roomy place, so alight here. "Greetings" (ahlan): that is, may you find welcoming folk, so be at ease among them. He goes to fetch fresh water (yasta'dhibu): that is, he seeks out sweet, wholesome water. The cluster ('idhq): the branch (of the date palm). Unripe dates (busr): the colouring stage of the fruit of the date palm. Dried dates (tamr): the dried fruit of the date palm. Ripe dates (rutab): the fruit of the date palm before it dries. The knife (mudyah): this is the knife. The milk-giving one (al-halub): the one that yields milk. Being questioned about this bounty: a questioning that enumerates the blessings, not a questioning of rebuke and punishment. The Ansari whom they visited was Abu al-Haytham ibn al-Tayyihan (may Allah be pleased with him).
الدروس · lessons
أنّ الصحابة في أول هجرتهم بالمدينة كانت تمرّ على بعضهم أوقات وليس عندهم ما يأكلونه، وكانوا يتعاونون فيما بينهم وبين الأنصار، وأحيانًا يكونون في سعة يأكلون ويتنعمون، ويستعذب بعضهم الماء ويجني الثمر. جواز الذهاب إلى بيوت المتآخين في الله للاستعانة بهم إذا كان يُعلم رضاهم. إكرام الضيف وحمد الله على النعمة. جواز القسم للتأكيد. استقبال المرأة ضيوف زوجها إذا لم تكن خلوة ولا فتنة، وكان قدوم زوجها مرتقبًا.
In the early days after their migration to Medina, times would pass for some of the Companions when they had nothing to eat; they would help one another, both among themselves and with the Ansar, and at other times they were in ease, eating and enjoying provision, fetching fresh water and gathering fruit. It is permissible to go to the homes of those one is bonded with for the sake of Allah to seek their help, when one knows that they are pleased with it. Honouring the guest and praising Allah for His bounty. It is permissible to take an oath for emphasis. A woman may receive her husband's guests when there is no seclusion (with a non-mahram) and no temptation, and when her husband's arrival is anticipated.