عن خالدِ بنِ عُمَيْرٍ العَدَويِّ قال: «خَطَبَنَا عُتْبَةُ بنُ غَزْوانَ، وكانَ أَمِيرًا عَلى البَصْرَةِ، فَحمِدَ اللهَ تعالى وأَثْنى عليْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَمَا بعْدُ، فَإِنَّ الدُّنْيَا قَدْ آذَنَتْ بصُرْمٍ، ووَلَّتْ حَذَّاءَ، وَلَمْ يَبْقَ منها إلَّا صُبَابَةٌ كَصُبابةِ الإِناءِ يتصابُّها صاحِبُها، وإِنَكُمْ مُنْتَقِلُونَ مِنْها إلى دارٍ لا زَوالَ لهَا، فانْتَقِلُوا بِخَيْرِ ما بِحَضْرَتِكُم، فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ ذُكِرَ لَنا أَنَّ الحَجَرَ يُلْقَى مِنْ شَفِير جَهَنَّمَ فَيهْوي فِيهَا سَبْعِينَ عامًا، لا يُدْركُ لَها قَعْرًا، واللهِ لَتُمْلأَنَّ، أَفَعَجِبْتُمْ؟! ولَقَدْ ذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنَّ ما بَيْنَ مِصْراعَيْنِ مِنْ مَصاريعِ الجَنَّةِ مَسيرةَ أَرْبَعِينَ عامًا، وَلَيَأْتِيَنَّ عَلَيها يَوْمٌ وهُوَ كَظِيظٌ مِنَ الزِّحامِ، وَلَقَدْ رأَيتُني سابعَ سبْعَةٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، ما لَنا طَعامٌ إِلَّا وَرَقُ الشَّجَرِ، حتى قَرِحَتْ أَشْداقُنا، فالْتَقَطْتُ بُرْدَةً فشَقَقْتُها بيْني وَبَينَ سَعْدِ بنِ مالكٍ، فَاتَّزَرْتُ بنِصْفِها، وَاتَّزَرَ سَعْدٌ بنِصفِها، فَمَا أَصْبَحَ اليَوْمَ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ إلَّا أَصْبَحَ أَمِيرًا عَلى مِصْرٍ مِنَ الأَمْصَارِ، وإِني أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ أَنْ أَكْونَ في نَفْسي عَظِيمًا، وعِنْدَ اللهِ صَغِيرًا» رواهُ مسلم.
Khalid ibn 'Umayr al-'Adawi reported: 'Utbah ibn Ghazwan, who was the governor of Basra, delivered a sermon to us. He praised Allah the Exalted and extolled Him, then he said: To proceed: Indeed this world has announced its end and turned away in swift flight, and nothing remains of it but a remnant like the last drops in a vessel which its owner drains. You are surely passing from it to an abode that knows no passing away, so move on with the best of what is at hand, for it has been mentioned to us that a stone is cast from the brink of Hell and falls through it for seventy years without reaching its bottom. By Allah, it shall surely be filled! Are you astonished? It has indeed been mentioned to us that the distance between two of the leaves of the gate of Paradise is a journey of forty years, and a day shall surely come upon it when it is crowded to bursting. I have certainly seen myself as one of seven men with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); we had no food but the leaves of trees, until the corners of our mouths became sore. I once picked up a cloak and split it between myself and Sa'd ibn Malik: I wrapped myself in half of it and Sa'd wrapped himself in the other half. Yet today there is not one of us but has become governor over one of the great cities. And I seek refuge in Allah from being great in my own eyes yet small in the sight of Allah. Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
آذَنَت: أَعْلَمَت. بِصُرْمٍ: بانْقطاعِها وَفَنائِها. ووَلَّتْ حَذَّاءَ: أي أدبرت سَريعَة. الصُّبابةُ: البقِيَّةُ اليَسِيرَةُ. يَتَصابُّها: أي يجْمَعُها. شفير جهنم: حرفها. قعرًا: القعر أسفل الشيء. مصاريع الجنّة: الباب من أبوابها. الكَظِيظُ: الكثيرُ المُمْتَلئُ. قَرِحَتْ: أَي صارَتْ فِيهَا قُرُوحٌ. أشداقنا: جمع شدق وهو جانب الفم. بُردة: شملة أو كساء.
Announced (adhanat): made known. Its end (bi-surm): its cutting off and perishing. Turned away in swift flight (wallat hadhdha'): that is, it has departed swiftly. The remnant (al-subabah): the small remainder. Drains it (yatasabbabuha): that is, he gathers it together. The brink of Hell: its edge. Bottom (qa'r): the qa'r is the lowest part of a thing. The leaves of Paradise (masari' al-jannah): a gate among its gates. Crowded to bursting (al-kazith): the abundant and overflowing. Became sore (qarihat): that is, sores appeared in them. The corners of our mouths (ashdaquna): the plural of shidq, which is the side of the mouth. Cloak (burdah): a wrap or garment.
الدروس · lessons
مشروعية النصيحة للإخوان، وترغيبهم بالخير، وتخويفهم من الآخرة. اقتراب الساعة، وفناء الدنيا فما مضى من أيّامها أكثر ممّا بقي. بيان عظمة الله تعالى في عظم خلق النار والجنة. كثرة الداخلين الجنة بعموم رحمة الله تعالى ومزيد فضله. صبر الصحابة على ما كان يصيبهم من الفقر واتساع الحال عليهم بعد ذلك، وذلك تحقيقًا لوعد الله لهم بالنصر والتمكين في الأرض. الالتجاء إلى الله والاعتصام به تعالى من غرور النفس وزخرفة الشيطان. ثبات الصحابة رضي الله عنهم على ما رباهم عليه الرسول صلّى الله عليه وسلّم من كريم الأخلاق وعظيم الشمائل رغم انفتاح الدنيا عليهم وتسلمهم إمرة الناس.
The legitimacy of giving sincere counsel to one's brothers, encouraging them toward good, and warning them of the Hereafter. The nearness of the Hour and the passing away of this world, for what has elapsed of its days is more than what remains. A demonstration of the greatness of Allah the Exalted in the magnitude of His creation of the Fire and Paradise. The great number of those who will enter Paradise through the universality of Allah's mercy and the abundance of His grace. The patience of the Companions over the poverty that befell them, and the expansion of their circumstances thereafter, in fulfillment of Allah's promise to them of victory and establishment in the land. Turning to Allah and seeking refuge in Him the Exalted from the deception of the soul and the embellishments of Satan. The steadfastness of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) upon the noble character and great qualities in which the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) had nurtured them, despite this world opening up before them and their assuming authority over the people.