عن أَنسٍ رضيَ اللهُ عنه قال: رَهَنَ النَّبِيُّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم دِرْعهُ بِشَعِيرٍ، ومشيتُ إِلى النَّبِيِّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم بِخُبْزِ شَعيرٍ، وَإِهَالَةٍ سَنِخَةٍ، وَلَقَدْ سمِعْتُهُ يقُولُ: «ما أَصْبَحَ لآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ إلّا صــاعٌ ولا أَمْسَى» وَإِنَّهُم لَتِسْعَةُ أَبْيَاتٍ. رواه البخاري .
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) pledged his armour for barley, and I walked to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with barley bread and rancid melted fat. I heard him say, "The family of Muhammad has not had a single measure (sa') by morning nor by evening," though they were nine households. Reported by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
إِهَالَة: الشَّحْمُ الذَّائِبُ. سَنِخَة: تغيرت رائحتها. صاع: وحدة لقياس الحجم، والصاع النبوي يساوي أربعة أمداد، والمُدّ يساوي ملء اليدين المعتدلتين، وتقديره بالوزن يختلف حسب نوع الطعام المكيل.
Melted fat (ihalah): melted suet. Rancid (sanikhah): its smell had changed. Measure (sa'): a unit for measuring volume. The Prophetic sa' equals four mudds, and the mudd equals a double handful of the two moderate-sized hands; its estimation by weight differs according to the type of foodstuff being measured.
الدروس · lessons
كمال تواضع الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم وزهده في الدنيا مع قدرته عليها، وكرمه الذي أفضى به إلى عدم الادخار حتى احتاج إلى رهن درعه. بيان ما كان عليه الرسول صلّى الله عليه وسلّم من التقلل من الدنيا باختياره. على الزوج ورب الأسرة أنّ يقوم بمهامه من توفير القوت ومستلزمات الأسرة ولو اضطر لرهن شيء من حاجياته في قوله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم: «ما أَصْبحَ لآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ إلّا صــاعٌ ولا أَمْسَى» إشارة لغيره أن يصبروا فهذا رسول الله وعنده تسعة بيوت ورغم ذلك أمسى وأصبح وما عنده إلا صاع من الطعام، فيا من له بيت واحد ولك ألوان من الطعام على ماذا تتسخط؟
The complete humility of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and his asceticism regarding this world despite having power over it, and his generosity, which led him not to store anything up, until he had need to pledge his armour. A demonstration of how the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) chose to take little of this world. The husband and head of the family must fulfill his duties of providing sustenance and the necessities of the family, even if he is compelled to pledge some of his belongings. In his saying (peace and blessings be upon him), "The family of Muhammad has not had a single measure by morning nor by evening," is a sign to others that they should be patient. This is the Messenger of Allah, who has nine households, and yet he passes the evening and morning with nothing but a single measure of food. So you who have but one household and various kinds of food, at what are you resentful?