عن ابن عمرَ رضيَ اللهُ عنهما قال: كُنَّا جُلُوسًا مَعَ رسولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، إِذْ جاءَ رَجُلٌ مِن الأَنْصارِ، فسلَّم علَيهِ، ثُمَّ أَدبرَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، فقال رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «يَا أَخَا الأَنْصَارِ، كَيْفَ أَخِي سعْدُ بنُ عُبادةَ؟» فقال: صَالحٌ، فقال رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «مَنْ يعُودُهُ مِنْكُمْ؟» فَقام وقُمْنا مَعَهُ، ونَحْنُ بضْعَةَ عشَرَ ما علَينَا نِعالٌ، وَلا خِفَافٌ، وَلا قَلانِسُ، ولا قُمُصٌ، نمشي في تلكَ السِّبَاخِ، حَتَّى جِئْنَاهُ، فاسْتَأْخَرَ قَوْمُهُ مِنْ حولِه حتَّى دنَا رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم وَأَصْحابُهُ الَّذِين مَعهُ. رواه مسلم.
Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man from the Ansar came and greeted him, then the Ansari turned to leave. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "O brother of the Ansar, how is my brother Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah?" He said, "He is well." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Which of you will visit him?" He rose, and we rose with him. We were a little over ten, with no sandals on us, no leather socks, no caps, and no shirts. We walked through those salt flats until we came to him. His people withdrew from around him until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions who were with him drew near. Reported by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
يعوده: العيادة زيارة المريض. بضعة عشر: البضع ما بين الثلاثة إلى العشرة. خفاف: جمع خُف، وهو حذاء من جلد يلبس في الرِّجل، ويكون ساترًا للكعبين. قلانس: جمع قلنسوة، وهي ما يلبس على الرأس. السّباخ: الأرض التي تعلوها ملوحة فلا يكاد ينبت فيها إلا بعض الشجر. فاستأخر قومه من حوله: ابتعد أصحاب سعد وأهله من حوله قليلًا ليفسحوا لرسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم أن يقترب منه.
Visit him (ya'uduhu): visitation ('iyadah) is visiting the sick. A little over ten (bid'ah 'ashar): bid' is the number between three and ten. Leather socks (khifaf): the plural of khuff, which is footwear of leather worn on the foot, covering the ankles. Caps (qalanis): the plural of qalansuwah, which is what is worn on the head. The salt flats (al-sibakh): land covered with a salinity in which scarcely anything grows but some trees. His people withdrew from around him: Sa'd's companions and family moved a little away from around him to make room for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to draw near to him.
الدروس · lessons
كمال تواضع الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم ومزيد فضله، وسؤاله عن أصحابه وتكريمهم بقوله عن سعد: كيف أخي؟ وفي هذا شهادة لسعد بالإيمان. يستحب لمن سئل عن مريض أن يقول: صالح، وذلك من باب الاستبشار. استحباب عيادة المريض وحث الإخوان على ذلك وهي مطلوبة على الفرض الكفاية. صبر الصحابة رضي الله عنهم على ما قُدّر عليهم من خشونة العيش في تلك الأيام ومع هذا يقومون بحق الأُخوّة من عيادة المريض وغيرها. توسعة المكان للزوّار وأهل الفضل منهم.
The complete humility of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and the abundance of his grace, his inquiring after his Companions, and his honouring them by his saying of Sa'd, "How is my brother?" In this is a testimony to Sa'd's faith. It is recommended that one asked about a sick person say, "He is well," by way of optimism. The recommendation of visiting the sick and urging the brothers to do so; it is a communal obligation (fard kifayah). The patience of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) over the rough living that was decreed for them in those days, and despite this they fulfilled the right of brotherhood by visiting the sick and otherwise. Making room for the visitors and the people of merit among them.