عن أبي عبدِ الرحمنِ عَوْفِ بن مالكٍ الأَشْجَعِيِّ رضي اللهُ عنه قالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ رسُولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم تِسَعْةً أَوْ ثمانيةً أَوْ سَبْعَةً، فَقَال: «أَلَا تُبَايِعُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ؟» وكُنَّا حَدِيثي عَهْدٍ بِبيْعَةٍ، فَقُلْنا: قَدْ بايعْناكَ يا رسُولَ اللهِ! ثُمَّ قال: «ألا تبايعونَ رسولَ اللهِ؟» فَبَسَطْنَا أيْديَنا وقُلْنَا: قد بايعناك يا رسولَ اللهِ، فَعَلام نُبَايِعُكَ؟ قال: «على أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللهَ ولا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، والصَّلَوَاتِ الخَمْسِ، وَتُطيعُوا» وَأَسرَّ كلمَةً خَفِية،ً «وَلا تَسْأَلُوا النَّاسَ شَيْئًا» فَلَقَدْ رَأَيتُ بَعْضَ أُولِئكَ النَّفَرِ يَسْقُطُ سَوْطُ أَحدِهِمْ، فَما يَسْأَلُ أَحَدًا يُنَاوِلُهُ إِيَّاهُ. رواه مسلم.
Abu Abd al-Rahman Awf ibn Malik al-Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), nine or eight or seven of us, and he said, "Will you not pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah?" Now we had recently given the pledge, so we said, "We have already pledged allegiance to you, O Messenger of Allah." Then he said again, "Will you not pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah?" So we stretched out our hands and said, "We have already pledged allegiance to you, O Messenger of Allah, so on what shall we pledge allegiance to you?" He said, "That you worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and the five prayers, and that you obey"—and he lowered his voice with a word—"and that you do not ask people for anything." Indeed, I saw that some of those men would have a whip fall from one of them, and he would not ask anyone to hand it to him. [Muslim]
الشرح · explanation
حديث عهد ببيعة: قد بايعنا من قريب. فعلام: فعلى أي شيء. سوط: ما يستخدم للتأديب أو سَوْق البهائم ورعيها.
Recently given the pledge: we had pledged allegiance a short while before. On what (fa-'alam): upon what thing. Whip: what is used for disciplining, or for driving and herding animals.
الدروس · lessons
استحباب تجديد العهد مع الله عزّ وجل على صدق الإيمان به والإخلاص في عبادته والتزام شريعته. الحث على مكارم الأخلاق، ومنها الترفع عن تحمل مِنَّة الخلق بالاستغناء عنهم وعزة النفس. اعتماد المسلم على نفسه وتوليه كل شؤونه، وعدم اتكاله على غيره. تنزه هؤلاء النفر من الصحابة عن كل ما يسمى سؤالًا ولو في أمرٍ صغير لا قيمة له يدل على شدّة تعظيمهم لما بايعوا عليه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. يدل على مكانتهم العظيمة في الصبر والتحمل وهذا مثال يُحتذى به في اعتماد المسلم وتوكله على ربه مستغنيا عن الناس. تعاون الناس فيما بينهم وتبادل المنافع بأن يعاون ويطلب الجار من جاره والصديق من صديقه ليس من الأعمال المذمومة ولكن المذموم أن يسأل الناس عطاءً من دون حاجة أو عِوض.
The recommendation of renewing the covenant with Allah, Mighty and Majestic, upon sincerity of faith in Him, sincerity in His worship, and adherence to His law. Encouragement to noble character, including rising above bearing obligation to others by being independent of them and by dignity of the soul. The Muslim's reliance upon himself, attending to all his own affairs, and not depending upon others. The abstention of these Companions from anything that could be called begging, even in a small and worthless matter, indicates the intensity of their reverence for that upon which they had pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). It indicates their great rank in patience and endurance, and this is an example to be followed in the Muslim's reliance and trust upon his Lord while being independent of people. People cooperating with one another and exchanging benefits—such as a neighbor helping and requesting from his neighbor, or a friend from his friend—is not among the blameworthy acts; rather what is blameworthy is begging people for a gift without need or compensation.