عَنْ سهلِ بنِ سعدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ رسولَ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم أُتِيَ بِشَرَابٍ، فَشَرِبَ مِنهُ، وَعَنْ يَمِينِهِ غُلامٌ وَعَنْ يسارِهِ الأَشْيَاخُ، فقال لِلْغُلامِ: «أَتَأْذَنُ لي أَنْ أُعْطِيَ هُؤلاءِ؟» فَقَالَ الغُلامُ: لا وَاللهِ يا رسُولَ اللهِ، لا أُوثِرُ بِنَصيبي مِنكَ أَحَدًا، فَتَلَّهُ رسولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ في يَدِهِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a drink was brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and he drank some of it. On his right was a boy and on his left were elders. He said to the boy, "Will you permit me to give it to these (elders)?" The boy said, "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah, I will not give up my share of you to anyone." So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) placed it in his hand. Agreed upon.
الشرح · explanation
شراب: لبن أو نحوه. تَلَّهُ: أَيْ وَضَعَهُ، وَهَذَا الغُلامُ هُوَ ابنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُما. الأشياخ: هم فضلاء القوم وكبارهم ممّن تقدم بهم السنّ. بنصيبي منك: أي بما يحصل لي من أثر بركتك وفضلك.
Drink (sharab): milk or something similar. Placed it (tallahu): meaning he set it down; and this boy was Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them). The elders (al-ashyakh): the distinguished and senior members of a people, those advanced in age. My share of you (bi-nasibi minka): meaning the blessing and merit that comes to me through you.
الدروس · lessons
أنّ الإسلام جمع بين الترغيب في الإيثار في أمور الدنيا والتنافس والحرص على السبق في أمور الآخرة. حرص الصحابة رضوان الله عليهم على ما ينفعهم ومنها تبركهم بآثاره صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، فإنّ ابن عباس لم يتنازل عنه لأنّه سؤر النَّبِيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم وفضلة شرابه. البدء في الضيافة بأفضل من في المجلس أو أكبرهم سنًّا ثم من على يمينه ولو كان أصغر سنًّا ممّن كان على شماله. الحثّ على أداء الحقوق لأهلها وحسن الأدب في المعاملة مع الناس مهما كبروا أو صغروا. للأطفال حقوق لا بد من تقديرها ولا يجوز ظلمهم فيها لصالح الكبار بداعي أنهم صغار، بل يُستأذن الصغير في حقه ولا ينتزع منه بغير رضاه. استحباب توقير الكبار وإنزال الناس منازلهم في الفضل والكرامة.
Islam combines the encouragement to prefer others in worldly matters with the urging to compete and strive for precedence in the matters of the Hereafter. The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were eager for what would benefit them, including seeking blessing through the traces of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), for Ibn 'Abbas would not relinquish it because it was the leftover of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the remainder of his drink. When offering hospitality, one begins with the most excellent person in the gathering or the eldest, then the one on his right even if he is younger than those on his left. The encouragement to render people their rights and to observe good manners in dealing with others, no matter how old or young they may be. Children have rights that must be respected, and it is not permissible to wrong them in those rights for the benefit of adults on the pretext that they are young; rather, the child is asked permission regarding his right and it is not taken from him without his consent. It is recommended to show respect to elders and to give people their due standing in merit and honor.