عَنْ عائشَةَ رضيَ اللهُ عنْهَا قالت: كان رسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم كُلَّما كان لَيْلَتُهَا مِنْ رسولِ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم يَخْرُجُ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ إِلى البَقِيعِ، فَيَقُولُ: «السَّلامُ عَلَيْكُمْ دَارَ قَوْمٍ مُؤمِنينَ، وأَتَاكُمْ ما تُوعَدُونَ، غَدًا مُؤَجَّلُونَ، وإِنَّا إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ بِكُمْ لاحِقُونَ، اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لأَهْلِ بَقِيعِ الغَرْقَدِ» رواهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Whenever it was her night with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he would go out in the last part of the night to al-Baqi' and say: "Peace be upon you, O abode of a believing people. What you were promised has come to you; you are reprieved until tomorrow, and we shall, Allah willing, join you. O Allah, forgive the people of Baqi' al-Gharqad." Narrated by Muslim.
الشرح · explanation
أتاكم ما توعدون: أي جاءكم ما كنتم توعدون من الموت. البقيع: المكان المتسع والمراد به مقبرة أهل المدينة. غدًا مؤجّلون: أي وأنتم مؤخّرون وممهلون إلى يوم القيامة، والمراد بالتأجيل هنا مدة ما بين الموت إلى النشور. الغرقد: نوع من شجر الشوك وسميت مقبرة المدينة بذلك لأنّ هذا النوع من الشجر كان موجودًا فيها.
"What you were promised has come to you": that is, what you were promised, namely death, has come to you. "Al-Baqi'": a spacious place; here it refers to the graveyard of the people of Medina. "You are reprieved until tomorrow": that is, you are deferred and granted respite until the Day of Resurrection. What is meant by the reprieve here is the period between death and the Resurrection. "Al-Gharqad": a type of thorny tree; the graveyard of Medina was named after it because this kind of tree grew there.
الدروس · lessons
استحباب السلام على أهل القبور والدعاء لهم، وما قاله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم من الاستغفار لهم. جواز زيارة المقابر في الليل. يدلّ قوله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم: "السلام عليكم" على أنّ الأرواح بأفنية القبور.
The recommendation of greeting the people of the graves with peace and supplicating for them, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did in seeking forgiveness for them. The permissibility of visiting graveyards at night. The Prophet's saying "Peace be upon you" (peace and blessings be upon him) indicates that the souls are present in the precincts of the graves.