عَنْ أنسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قال: قالَ رسولُ الله صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «لا يَتَمَنَّيَنَّ أَحَدُكُمُ المَوْتَ لِضُرٍّ أَصَابَهُ، فَإِنْ كانْ لا بُدَّ فاعِلًا فَلْيَقُلِ: اللَّهُمَّ أَحْيِني ما كانَتِ الحَياةُ خَيْرًا لي، وتَوَفَّني إِذا كانَتِ الوفاةُ خَيرًا لي» مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Let none of you wish for death because of a harm that has befallen him. But if he must do so, let him say: O Allah, keep me alive so long as life is good for me, and take me when death is good for me." Agreed upon.
الشرح · explanation
لضرّ أصابه: أي في دنياه كالفقر والمرض والمشاكل والهموم.
"Because of a harm that has befallen him": that is, in his worldly life, such as poverty, illness, problems, and worries.
الدروس · lessons
يسنّ لمن أراد أن يتمنّى الموت أن يدعو بما أرشد النَّبِيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم من كلمات فيها التسليم التام لله تعالى، أمّا إن خاف ضررًا في دينه كالفتنة فإنه لا حرج من تمني الموت وهو جائز. يُكره للمسلم أن يتمنى الموت، بل عليه أن يصبر ويستعين بالله تعالى، ويسأل الله تعالى أن يفرّج عنه ما هو فيه من الهمّ، ويكون ذلك خيرًا له، أمّا إن تمنى الموت فإنّه لا يدري ربما يكون الموت شرًّا عليه لا يحصل به راحة. الإنسان ربما يموت فينتقل إلى عقوبة وإلى عذاب قبر، وإذا بقي في الدنيا فربما يستعتب ويتوب ويرجع إلى الله، فيكون خيرًا له.
It is recommended for one who wishes to long for death to supplicate with the words the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) directed him to, which contain complete submission to Allah Most High. As for one who fears harm in his religion, such as being tried in his faith, then there is no objection to wishing for death, and it is permissible. It is disliked for a Muslim to wish for death; rather he should be patient, seek the aid of Allah Most High, and ask Allah to relieve him of the worry he is in, for that is better for him. But if he wishes for death, he does not know—perhaps death will be an evil for him through which he attains no relief. A person may die and pass on to punishment and the torment of the grave, whereas if he remains in this world he may seek to make amends, repent, and return to Allah, and that would be better for him.