عن قَيسِ بنِ أبي حازمٍ قال: دَخَلْنَا عَلى خَبَّابِ بنِ الأَرَتِّ رضيَ اللهُ عنهُ نَعُودُهُ وَقَدِ اكْتَوى سَبْعَ كَيَّاتٍ فقال: إِنَّ أَصْحابَنَا الَّذِينَ سَلَفُوا مَضَوْا ولَم تَنْقُصْهُمُ الدُّنْيَا، وإِنَّا أَصَبْنَا ما لا نجِدُ لَهُ مَوْضِعًا إِلّا التُّرابَ، ولَوْلا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم نهانَا أَنْ نَدْعُوَ بالمَوْتِ لَدَعَوْتُ بِهِ، ثُمَّ أَتَيْنَاهُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى وهُوَ يَبْني حائطًا لَهُ فقال: إِنَّ المُسْلِمَ لَيُؤْجَرُ في كُلِّ شَيءٍ يُنْفِقُهُ إِلّا في شَيءٍ يَجْعَلُهُ في هذا التُّرَابِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه.
Qays ibn Abi Hazim reported: We came to visit Khabbab ibn al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with him), who was sick and had been cauterized in seven places. He said: Our companions who have passed on departed without this world diminishing any of their reward, whereas we have acquired wealth for which we find no place except the earth. Were it not that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade us to pray for death, I would have prayed for it. Then we came to him another time while he was building a wall of his, and he said: The Muslim is rewarded for everything he spends, except for something he puts into this earth. Agreed upon.
الشرح · explanation
اكتوى سبع كيات: أي في سبع مواضع من جسمه. سلفوا: ماتوا وذهبوا إلى الله عز وجل. ولم تنقصهم الدنيا: أي لم يتمتعوا بشي من ملذات الدنيا، فيكون ذلك منقصًا لهم ما أعد لهم في الآخرة. لا نجد له موضعًا إلّا التراب: أي جمعنا مالًا زائدًا عن الحاجة لا نجد مكانًا نحفظه فيه إلّا التراب ندفنه فيه، أو المراد البناء به ليحصل ريع ذلك بالأجور ونحوها.
"Had been cauterized in seven places": that is, in seven spots of his body. "Have passed on" (salafu): they died and went on to Allah, Mighty and Majestic. "Without this world diminishing any of their reward": that is, they did not enjoy any of the pleasures of this world such that it would diminish what was prepared for them in the Hereafter. "We find no place for it except the earth": that is, we have amassed wealth in excess of need for which we find no place to keep it except the earth, where we bury it; or what is meant is building with it so as to obtain its yield through rent and the like.
الدروس · lessons
النهي عن تمني الموت فضل خبّاب بن الأرت رضي الله عنه، ومزيد عرفانه بمولاه، وشدّة اتهامه لنفسه ومحاسبته لها حتى في المباحات. ثبوت أجر المسلم في كل شيء ينفقه إلا في شيء يجعله في هذا التراب، أو الذي يوضع في البنيان، وهو محمول على ما زاد على الحاجة سواء احتاجه للسكن أو البيع أو التأجير.
The prohibition of wishing for death. The virtue of Khabbab ibn al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with him), his abundant gratitude to his Lord, and the severity with which he held himself to account, even in matters that are permissible. The Muslim's reward is established for everything he spends, except for something he puts into this earth, or that which is placed in building. This is understood to refer to what exceeds one's need, whether he needs it for dwelling, sale, or rent.