عَنْ عائشةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُا قالتْ: كانَ لأبي بَكْرٍ الصَّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ غُلامٌ يُخْرِجُ لَهُ الخَرَاجَ، وكانَ أَبو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ خَرَاجِهِ، فَجَاءَ يَومًا بِشَيءٍ، فَأَكَلَ مِنْهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الغُلامُ: تَدْرِي مَا هَذا؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: ومَا هُوَ؟ فَقَالَ: كُنْتُ تَكَهَّنْتُ لإِنْسَانٍ في الجاهِلِيَّةِ، ومَا أُحْسِنُ الكَهَانَةَ إِلَّا أَنِّي خَدَعْتُهُ، فَلَقِيَنِي، فَأَعْطَاني بِذلكَ هَذَا الَّذي أَكَلْتَ مِنْهُ، فَأَدْخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَدَهُ فَقَاءَ كُلَّ شَيءٍ في بَطْنِهِ، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيّ.
A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) had a servant who would bring him a portion of his earnings, and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) used to eat from what he brought. One day the servant brought him something, and Abu Bakr ate from it. The servant then said to him: "Do you know what this is?" Abu Bakr asked: "What is it?" He replied: "In the time of ignorance I once posed as a soothsayer for a man, though I knew nothing of soothsaying and merely deceived him. He met me later and gave me, in return for that, this from which you have just eaten." So Abu Bakr put his hand into his mouth and vomited up everything in his stomach. Reported by al-Bukhari.
الشرح · explanation
يخرج له الخراج: أي يأتيه بما يكسبه. الخَراجُ: شَيءٌ يَجْعَلُهُ السَّيِّدُ عَلى عَبْدِهِ، يُؤدِّيهِ إلى السيِّدِ كُلَّ يَومٍ، وَبَاقي كَسْبِهِ يَكُونُ للعَبْدِ. تكهّنتُ: من الكهانة وهي الإخبار عما سيكون في المستقبل من غير دليل شرعي. فقاء: أي أخرج بالقيء واستفرغ ما في بطنه.
Would bring him a portion of his earnings (al-kharaj): that is, he would bring him what he earned. Al-kharaj: something a master imposes upon his slave, which the slave pays to the master each day, while the remainder of his earnings belongs to the slave. I posed as a soothsayer (takahhantu): from kahanah (soothsaying), which is to foretell what will happen in the future without any legitimate basis in the Sacred Law. Vomited up: that is, he expelled by vomiting and emptied what was in his stomach.
الدروس · lessons
فضل أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه وورعه وتنزهه عن أن يدخل جوفه شيء فيه أدنى شبهة، مع أنه لا يلزمه ذلك شرعّا. مشروعية إخبار أهل الورع بتفاصيل بعض الأمور التي قد يتورع عنها. بطلان الكهانة، وحرمتها، وحرمة كسبها.
The excellence of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), his scrupulousness, and his keeping himself far from letting anything containing the slightest doubt enter his body, even though he was not religiously obliged to do so. It is permissible to inform the scrupulous of the details of certain matters from which they may wish to abstain. The falsehood of soothsaying, its prohibition, and the prohibition of earning a living through it.