عن ابن عمَر رضي الله عنهما قال: سمعتُ رسولَ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم يقول: «كُلُّكُمْ راعٍ، وكُلُّكُمْ مسؤولٌ عنْ رعِيَّتِهِ، والإِمَامُ رَاعٍ، ومسؤولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، والرَّجُلُ رَاعٍ في أَهْلِهِ ومسؤولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، والمرْأَةُ راعِيةٌ في بيْتِ زَوْجِهَا ومسؤولَةٌ عنْ رعِيَّتِهَا، والخَادِمُ رَاعٍ في مالِ سيِّدِهِ ومسؤولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، وكُلُّكُمْ راعٍ ومسؤولٌ عنْ رعِيَّتِهِ» متفقٌ عليه.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Each of you is a shepherd, and each of you is responsible for his flock. The ruler is a shepherd and is responsible for his flock. A man is a shepherd over his family and is responsible for his flock. A woman is a shepherd over her husband's household and is responsible for her flock. A servant is a shepherd over his master's property and is responsible for his flock. So each of you is a shepherd, and each of you is responsible for his flock." Agreed upon.
الشرح · explanation
كُلُّكُم راعٍ: أي مكلّف بعمل، حافظ له، مؤتمن عليه، مطلوب منه الاهتمام والعدل فيه. رعيته: هم من كُلِّف بالقيام عليهم كزوج وولد أو غيرهم. الإمام: أي الأمير ذو الأمر، فيشمل سائر الحكام، الحاكم الأعلى ومن دونه.
Each of you is a shepherd: that is, each is charged with a task, entrusted to guard it, expected to attend to it with care and justice. His flock: those whom he has been charged to look after, such as a wife, children, or others. The ruler: that is, the one in authority, including all governors, the supreme ruler and those beneath him.
الدروس · lessons
لا يخلو فرد من أفراد المجتمع على اختلاف مكانتهم من المسؤولية حتى إن المرء مسؤول عن نفسه وعن كل من له صلة به. مسؤولية المرأة في رعاية بيت الزوج بكل ما يحتاج إليه من إشراف وتربية وأمانة وعفّة وإشاعة لروح المودّة والراحة فيه. الرجل والمرأة شريكان في الحياة الزوجية، ويجب على كل منهما أن يقوم بواجبه نحو الآخر. المسؤولية في الإسلام دينية يحاسَب المرء على التقصير فيها يوم القيامة، كما أنها دنيوية، فيحاسَب كل مقصّر على تقصيره أمام القضاء. رعاية الأب لأولاده وتوجيههم من أهم ما يجب أن يقوم به.
No individual in society, whatever his standing, is free of responsibility; even a person is responsible for himself and for everyone connected to him. The woman's responsibility in caring for her husband's household with all it requires of oversight, upbringing, trustworthiness, chastity, and spreading a spirit of affection and comfort within it. Man and woman are partners in married life, and each must fulfil his duty toward the other. Responsibility in Islam is religious: a person will be held to account for any shortcoming in it on the Day of Resurrection; it is also worldly, so every negligent person is held to account for his negligence before the judiciary. A father's care for his children and their guidance is among the most important of his obligations.