عَنْ أبي هُنَيْدةَ وائِلِ بنِ حُجْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قال: سأَلَ سَلَمةُ بنُ يزيدَ الجُعْفيُّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ فقالَ: يا نبيَّ اللهِ، أرَأَيْتَ إنْ قَامَتْ علَيْنَا أُمراءُ يَسأَلُونَا حقَّهُمْ، ويمْنَعُونَا حقَّنا، فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ فَأَعْرضَ عنهُ، ثُمَّ سألَهُ، فَقَال رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: «اسْمَعُوا وأطِيعُوا، فَإنَّما علَيْهِمْ ما حُمِّلُوا، وعلَيْكُمْ ما حُمِّلْتُمْ» رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Hunaydah Wa'il ibn Hujr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Salamah ibn Yazid al-Ju'fi asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), saying: O Prophet of Allah, what do you think if rulers are set over us who demand their rights from us but withhold our rights from us? What do you command us to do? He turned away from him. Then he asked him again, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Listen and obey, for upon them is what they are charged with, and upon you is what you are charged with." [Muslim]
الشرح · explanation
ما حُمِّلوا: أي عليهم إثم ما قصروا به، وسيقفون أمام الله يوم القيامة فيسألهم عن تقصيرهم. حُمِّلتم: أي ما كُلَّفتم به من السمع والطاعة رغم تقصيرهم في حقوقكم.
What they are charged with: that is, upon them is the sin of their negligence, and they will stand before Allah on the Day of Resurrection, who will question them about their shortcomings. What you are charged with: that is, what you are obligated to do regarding hearing and obeying, despite their negligence in your rights.
الدروس · lessons
وجوب الطاعة للحاكم ولو قصَّر في واجبه، حفاظًا على الاستقرار والمصلحة العامة للأمة المسلمة، وليس رضا بالظلم وإقرارا له. تقصير الحكّام في واجبهم لا يبرر تقصير الناس بالمقابل في واجباتهم، لأن الخطأ لا يعالج بالخطأ. الجميع مسؤول عن عمله ومؤاخذ عن تقصيره، ولا يعفيه من المساءلة تقصير الآخرين تجاهه
The obligation of obeying the ruler even if he falls short in his duty, in order to preserve stability and the general welfare of the Muslim nation; this is not contentment with injustice nor an endorsement of it. The rulers' negligence of their duty does not justify the people's reciprocal negligence of their own duties, for a wrong is not remedied by a wrong. Everyone is responsible for his own conduct and held to account for his shortcomings, and the negligence of others toward him does not exempt him from accountability.